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ANAS GIBBE RIF RONS 
the New York Gardens paid only $10.00 each before the War. Among a large col- 
lection of Australian birds imported in 1920 by E. S. Joseph these ducks were quoted 
at $30.00 the pair. 
Judging from longevity records of the London Gardens I should say that this 
Teal does very well in artificial conditions. The average length of life of eighteen 
specimens kept in those Gardens was six years three months, the maximum being 
seventeen years four months (P. C. Mitchell, 1911), both the average and the maxi- 
mum exceeding those for other species of Teal. 
Hybrids. The only wild hybrid of which I have any knowledge is a cross between 
this species and the Australian Shoveller {Spatula rhynchotis) described and figured 
by Zietz (1912). The crosses made by Mr. Blaauw between this species and the 
Chestnut-breasted Teal {Anas castanea) have already been mentioned under that 
species. 
GEOGRAPHICAL RACES 
A LARGE series of this species from Celebes have wngs from 175 to 190 mm. in the males. Four 
specimens from Java have wings up to 196 mm. Australian examples are said by Mathews to reach 
206, and even 209 mm., and they have been separated by him on this basis. It seems possible that 
Javan birds are just as large as those from Australia, and that specimens from Celebes are the 
smallest of all. 
ANAS GIBBERIFRONS GIBBERIFRONS S. Muller 
Characters: Size small; wing 165-190 mm. 
Range: Celebes. 
ANAS GIBBERIFRONS MATHEWSI, nom. nov. 
Nettion casianeum rogersi Mathews, Austral Avian Record, vol. 1, p. 86, 1912. 
Virago castanea rogersi Mathews, List Birds Australia, p. 91, 1913. 
Virago gibberifrons rogersi Mathews, Birds of Australia, vol. 4, pt. 2, p. 102, 1915. 
Characters: Size large; wing up to 209 mm. 
Range: Australia and Tasmania. 
Note: The term rogersi for this race when referred to the genus Anas, becomes invalidated by 
its prior use for a race of Anas superciliosa. The name mathewsi is therefore proposed in its stead. 
