PINTAIL 
313 
beyond the notes of Maak (1859) and von Bunge and von Toll (1887). The first recorded it from 
Yakutsk and describes it as a common breeder on the Lena and Wiljui. The latter have recorded it 
from Werchojansk and say that many breed on the Adytsha River and that the range extends to 
70° north latitude on the Jana. According to Palmen (1887) it breeds at the mouth of the Jana, 
71° 20', and it was found abimdant eastward at the mouth of the Kolyma (Thayer and Bangs, 1914; 
Riley, 1918) while eggs were taken even farther east on Chaun Bay. From Kamchatka the species 
has been recorded by von Ditmar (1900) and Barrett-Hamilton (1900) and there are downy yoimg 
in the Kuroda collection from that Peninsula. According to both Stejneger (1885) and Bianchi 
Commander (1909) it is abundant on the Commander Islands in summer, where it also breeds. On 
Islands tj^e north coast of the Ochotsk Sea it was found to be very common aroimd Gichiga 
(J. A. Allen, 1905) and according to this writer many go farther north to nest, a statement which 
gives some additional weight to Nelson’s (1887) remark that it is the commonest breeder on the 
Arctic coast west as well as east of Bering Strait. 
Winter Range 
Costa Rica 
Mexico 
West Indies 
In North America the Pintail winters as far south as Panama (P. L. Sclater and Salvin, 1864; W. 
Stone, 1918) and Colon (de Armas, 1893). Northward it winters, though rarely, on the Panama 
coasts and in the interior of Costa Rica (Carriker, 1910; von Frantzius, 1869; Rich- 
mond, 1893), and in Nicaragua at the Lake (Nutting, 1882; Rendahl, 1919). I find 
no record of its occurrence in Honduras, but Salvin {fide Salvin and Godman, 1897-1904) found 
it on Lake Duenas, Guatemala, and at Belize, British Honduras. In Mexico the 
species winters throughout, and has been variously recorded from Jalapa, Vera 
Cruz (P. L. Sclater, 1857), the Laguna del Mayorazgo and San Baltasar, Puebla (Ferrari-Perez, 
1886), the Valle de Mexico (Villada, 1891-92; Herrera, 1888; Sanchez, 1877-78), Guanajuato (Duges, 
1869; Sanchez, 1877-78), Jalisco (Duges, 1869; Sanchez, 1877-78; Beebe, 1905), Zacatecas (Richard- 
son, British Museum), Tamaulipas (Phillips, 1911), Mazatlan, Sinaloa (Lawrence, 1874; Sanchez, 
1877-78) and Cachuta, Sonora (J. A. Allen, 1893). According to Belding (1883) the species is com- 
mon also in southern Lower California at La Paz and San Juan del Cabo. In the West 
Indies it is known from the Greater Antilles, namely Jamaica, where it is common 
(P. L. Sclater, 1910), and Cuba, where it is also numerous (Gundlach, 1875). It has been recorded 
also from Porto Rico (Gundlach, 1878) but Cooke (1906) says there is only one authentic record, 
while according to Wetmore (1916) its occurrence on the island is questionable. From observations 
made by L’Herminier (Lawrence, 1879) some seventy-five years ago, the species occurred also on 
Guadeloupe in the Lesser Antilles. In the United States the species is common in United 
winter in all of the Gulf States, in Texas (Dresser, 1866; Strecker, 1912), in Louisiana States 
(Beyer, Allison and Kopman, 1907), in Mississippi (U.S. Biological Survey), Alabama (Golsan and 
Holt, 1914), Florida (Cory, 1896; Scott, 1888, 1892) and along the Atlantic coast through Georgia, 
the two Carolinas (Wayne, 1910; and others) and the Virginias (Rives, 1890). It winters less com- 
monly even farther north through Maryland (Kirkwood, 1895) and Delaware (Rhoads and Pennock, 
1905), but is rare in winter in New Jersey, or at least uncommon (Cooke, 1906; W. Stone, 1909). 
It is also rare in winter on Long Island, New York (Eaton, 1910), and in Connecticut (G. M. Allen, 
1909), apparently also at various points along the lower Connecticut River (Forbush, 1912), once at 
Lynn, Massachusetts (Cooke, 1906), and at Portland, Maine (Norton, 1912). Inland, a few winter 
in southern Pennsylvania (Warren, 1890), in southern Ohio (Gossard and Harry, 1912; L. Jones, 
1903), doubtfully in southern Michigan (Cook, 1893), rarely but pretty regularly in southern Indiana 
(A. W. Butler, 1898), and in southern Illinois (Ridgway, 1895). In recent years the species has been 
regularly wintering locally in Wisconsin (Kumlien and Hollister, 1903; Cooke, 1906). South of the 
Ohio and east of the Mississippi it winters presumably in West Virginia (Rives, 1890), in Kentucky 
(Audubon) and undoubtedly also in Tennessee. West of the Mississippi, the Pintail winters in 
