34: ANNALS NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 



region. The environs of Scranton are not likely to be attractive to the 

 visitor unless he is buoyed np with an enthusiasm for the study of the 

 features (Fig. 27). It takes almost half a day to go by train and to walk 

 the necessary distance from Archbald, a few miles north of the city, in 

 order to visit the largest pot-hole in the country, which oddly enough is 

 to be found almost at the top of one of the ridges and was presumably 

 ground out by a subglacial torrent (262). The northward continuation 

 of this journey is highly delightful. Stops may be made at Ithaca and 

 at Watkins Glen. The finger lakes of western New York are studied 

 and some attention is given to the preglacial pattern of the area. Grabau's 

 studies on this phase of the subject are invaluable. Articles by Campbell 

 (78), Hubbard (88), Tarr (93, 94, 95, 96, 97), Fairchild (82), and Dryer 

 (81) regarding the finger lakes region are very readable. Several folios, 



The Salient topographic 

 features of the 

 ara Falls region 



^Ontario 



ONTARIO LOWLAND 



Fig. 28. — Diagrammatic representation of the main relief features at Niagara Falls 



The seven-mile gorge cut during the retreat of the falls from their earlier position 

 at Lewiston is the most striking element in the landscape. The two resistent limestones 

 serving as cnesta formers are indicated in the section. 



especially the Watkins Glen-Catatonk one, should be noted. Niagara 

 Falls is the next important stopping place, and because of its physi- 

 ographic significance should be studied with great care (Fig. 28). The 

 excellent Niagara Falls Folio ought, if possible, to be on hand. Impor- 

 tant papers are those by Gilbert (217, 220), Upham (229, 230), Cole- 

 man (208, 209, 210), Taylor (228), Spencer (225, 227), Wilson (231), 

 Leverett (222), and Grabau's (251) guide of the region. Of course there 

 is a trip through the gorge to Lewiston. Not far east of Niagara Falls are 

 the ridge roads, built on the old beach ridges of Lake Iroquois. Between 

 Buffalo and Albany the drumlin area should be visited and the physi- 

 ographer should see the old glacial channel at Eome, N. Y., as well as 

 other similar features of interest. The significance of the Mohawk Valley 

 lowland should be thoroughly appreciated. From Albany the traveler 

 may easily return to New York or if he can devote eight or ten days 

 more he can go on to Lake George, Lake Champlain, Ausable Chasm, the 



