36 ANNALS NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 



ture, as it does frequently when the exact route to be followed cannot be 

 predetermined, or when train schedules are not known, or when the walk- 

 ing ability of the explorer cannot be reduced to mathematical exactitude, 

 or when hotel accommodations of towns have not been ascertained, or 

 when all the features to be seen have not been evaluated correctly, then 

 it becomes necessary to travel practically without a detailed schedule, 

 stopping at night wherever one happens to be. This precludes the carry- 

 ing of much impedimenta. A knapsack, which will hold a few note books, 

 maps, some extra underclothing, handkerchiefs, sweater, thin rain coat, 

 and a pair of tennis shoes, can be readily carried all the time, and will 

 not be actually intolerable for ten days or so at a stretch. In fact, this 

 manner of traveling gives a certain delightful sense of freedom not to be 

 had in any other way. 



ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 



The bulk of this paper was first given essentially as it now stands in an 

 address before the Physiographers' Club of New York. It was intended 

 primarily to embody in a compact form a mass of suggestions for teach- 

 ers, and it now appears in a more permanent character through the 

 courtesy of the New York Academy of Sciences. Owing to its condensed 

 arrangement it has been impossible to treat the various field trips in the 

 detail which might seem desirable and many points of interest are neces- 

 sarily quite ignored. It can therefore hardly be classed as a handbook, 

 though it may serve imperfectly as a guide. 



The subject of physiography has proved to be of high intrinsic value 

 in the present war, and it is no mere braggadocio to say that the man 

 who has been trained in physiography and geology has developed certain 

 qualifications essential to the officer in the field, the ability to use and 

 read maps, the sense of direction, the habit of being out of doors and "on 

 your own," the knack of making rough sketches and simple maps and 

 especially that "sense of terrain," which comes only from work in the 

 open, map in hand. The desire to encourage such studies has been the 

 prime reason for preparing this paper.. 



The importance to the physiographer of using and being familiar with 

 maps of all kinds can hardly be overexaggerated, and it is only because 

 they are so essential and should be used in the original that more of 

 them have not been introduced into this article. 



For the use of maps and photographs, credit is due as follows : Fig. 1, 

 Geological Map, generalized from U. S. G. S., geological map of North 

 America accompanying Profes. Pap. 71;. Fig. 2, Map of Physiographic 



