﻿TOPOGRAPHY 
  OF 
  WESTERN 
  DAKOTA 
  AND 
  MONTANA. 
  19 
  

  

  to 
  change 
  to 
  the 
  pupa 
  form. 
  By 
  this 
  time 
  the 
  locust 
  has 
  become 
  ex- 
  

   hausted 
  and 
  dies. 
  Frequently 
  as 
  many 
  as 
  two 
  and 
  even 
  three 
  maggots 
  

   are 
  reared 
  in 
  the 
  body 
  of 
  a 
  single 
  locust. 
  Occasionally 
  the 
  fly 
  has 
  to 
  try 
  

   a 
  half 
  dozen 
  or 
  more 
  times 
  before 
  she 
  succeeds 
  in 
  depositing 
  her 
  eggs, 
  

   as 
  the 
  locust, 
  as 
  soon 
  as 
  it 
  is 
  aware 
  of 
  her 
  presence, 
  closes 
  its 
  wings 
  and 
  

   drops 
  to 
  the 
  ground. 
  

  

  I 
  have 
  seen 
  these 
  flies 
  so 
  numerous 
  in 
  some 
  parts 
  of 
  Western 
  Dakota 
  

   and 
  Montana 
  this 
  past 
  summer 
  that 
  for 
  each 
  'hopper 
  that 
  flew 
  up 
  there 
  

   were 
  from 
  three 
  to 
  five 
  flies 
  to 
  follow. 
  Of 
  course 
  but 
  a 
  small 
  per 
  cent, 
  

   of 
  the 
  eggs 
  of 
  this 
  enemy 
  of 
  the 
  locust 
  ever 
  mature, 
  otherwise 
  the 
  lo- 
  

   custs 
  would 
  soon 
  disappear 
  from 
  the 
  face 
  of 
  the 
  earth 
  by 
  this 
  insect's 
  

   work 
  alone. 
  The 
  reason 
  the 
  fly 
  chooses 
  the 
  moment 
  the 
  locust 
  is 
  on 
  the 
  

   wing 
  for 
  depositing 
  her 
  eggs 
  is 
  quite 
  obvious. 
  If 
  she 
  were 
  to 
  deposit 
  

   the 
  egg 
  upon 
  any 
  other 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  body 
  than 
  between 
  and 
  under 
  the 
  

   locust's 
  wings 
  the 
  locust 
  would 
  be 
  liable 
  to 
  scrape 
  it 
  off; 
  besides 
  at 
  

   this 
  spot 
  is 
  situated 
  the 
  softest 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  body. 
  I 
  consider 
  the 
  

   ravages 
  done 
  to 
  the 
  locusts 
  by 
  this 
  fly 
  one 
  of 
  the 
  reasons 
  that 
  they 
  mi- 
  

   grate. 
  

  

  E'otwithstanding 
  the 
  great 
  numbers 
  annually 
  destroyed 
  by 
  natural 
  

   means, 
  we 
  can 
  by 
  no 
  means 
  depend 
  wholly 
  upon 
  these 
  remedies 
  for 
  

   the 
  extermination 
  of 
  this 
  destructive 
  plague, 
  the 
  migratory 
  or 
  Eocky 
  

   Mountain 
  locust. 
  We 
  must 
  be 
  on 
  the 
  alert 
  and 
  do 
  all 
  in 
  our 
  power 
  to 
  

   assist, 
  by 
  various 
  means, 
  these, 
  our 
  friends, 
  in 
  keeping 
  within 
  bounds 
  

   this 
  and 
  all 
  other 
  insect 
  plagues. 
  It 
  is 
  true 
  that 
  under 
  favorable 
  con- 
  

   ditions 
  nature 
  soon 
  balances 
  herself, 
  but 
  when 
  unnatural 
  conditions 
  

   appear 
  this 
  equality 
  is 
  broken. 
  So 
  all 
  must 
  unite 
  in 
  again 
  restoring 
  

   this 
  change 
  to 
  its 
  original 
  equilibrium. 
  

  

  TOPOaRAPHY 
  OF 
  WESTERN 
  DAKOTA 
  AND 
  MONTANA. 
  

  

  The 
  greater 
  portion 
  of 
  country 
  lying 
  west 
  of 
  the 
  Missouri 
  River 
  and 
  

   e^st 
  of 
  the 
  main 
  divide 
  of 
  the 
  Rocky 
  Mountains 
  is 
  composed 
  of 
  high 
  

   table-lands, 
  the 
  greater 
  portion 
  of 
  which 
  is 
  sparingly 
  covered 
  by 
  a 
  

   short 
  growth 
  of 
  bunch 
  and 
  buffalo 
  grasses. 
  These 
  grasses 
  seldom 
  at- 
  

   tain 
  more 
  than 
  a 
  foot 
  in 
  height, 
  and 
  always 
  mature 
  long 
  before 
  frosts, 
  

   giving 
  a 
  dreary, 
  desert-like 
  appearance 
  to 
  the 
  country 
  even 
  before 
  the 
  

   autumn 
  approaches. 
  The 
  valleys 
  are 
  few 
  and 
  narrow, 
  seldom 
  having 
  

   streams 
  of 
  running 
  water 
  flowing 
  through 
  them; 
  and 
  lakes 
  and 
  ponds 
  

   are 
  rare, 
  but 
  when 
  present 
  are 
  alkaline. 
  The 
  entire 
  country 
  is 
  fit 
  for 
  

   nothing 
  but 
  grazing, 
  save 
  very 
  narrow 
  strips 
  along 
  the 
  margins 
  of 
  the 
  

   larger 
  streams, 
  which 
  can 
  be 
  farmed 
  if 
  irrigated. 
  

  

  A 
  large 
  portion 
  of 
  western 
  Dakota 
  and 
  eastern 
  Montana 
  is 
  so 
  cut 
  up 
  

   by 
  canons, 
  and 
  is 
  so 
  destitute 
  of 
  vegetation, 
  that 
  travel 
  through 
  it 
  is 
  

   impossible. 
  These 
  are 
  called 
  bad-lands 
  — 
  a 
  very 
  correct 
  name 
  for 
  them, 
  

   too, 
  for 
  in 
  them 
  everything 
  has 
  the 
  appearance 
  of 
  having 
  once 
  been 
  

   baked 
  and 
  burned. 
  The 
  soil 
  is 
  variegated 
  with 
  all 
  sorts 
  of 
  colors 
  that 
  

   could 
  be 
  produced 
  by 
  heat. 
  Sulphur, 
  lime, 
  and 
  iron 
  are 
  present 
  in 
  their 
  

  

  