﻿GENERAL 
  EEPORT 
  FOR 
  1881. 
  33 
  

  

  history. 
  Suffice 
  it 
  to 
  say 
  tbat 
  any 
  sudden 
  cliange 
  of 
  wind 
  or 
  of 
  tem- 
  

   perature 
  will 
  cause 
  them 
  to 
  drop 
  to 
  the 
  ground, 
  where 
  they 
  will 
  re- 
  

   main 
  until 
  everything 
  is 
  again 
  favorable 
  for 
  continuing 
  in 
  their 
  chosen 
  

   course. 
  Surface 
  configuration, 
  too, 
  has 
  much 
  to 
  do 
  with 
  the 
  direc- 
  

   tions 
  taken 
  by 
  moving 
  swarms. 
  Yalleys, 
  as 
  a 
  rule, 
  are 
  followed 
  either 
  

   up 
  or 
  down, 
  while 
  mountain 
  chains 
  of 
  great 
  elevation 
  swerve 
  them 
  

   from 
  their 
  course, 
  causing 
  them 
  to 
  turn 
  either 
  to 
  the 
  right 
  or 
  to 
  the 
  left, 
  

   according 
  to 
  the 
  direction 
  of 
  the 
  wind 
  and 
  the 
  route 
  pursued. 
  Out- 
  

   side 
  of 
  the 
  Permanent 
  Eegion 
  their 
  movements 
  vary 
  somewhat 
  from 
  

   those 
  within 
  this 
  region. 
  After 
  the 
  first 
  season's 
  absence, 
  all 
  swarms 
  

   appear 
  to 
  direct 
  their 
  course 
  back 
  towards 
  this 
  region, 
  at 
  least 
  this 
  is 
  

   the 
  case 
  with 
  those 
  reared 
  in 
  the 
  Temporary 
  Eegion 
  of 
  the 
  east. 
  I 
  have 
  

   also 
  noticed 
  that 
  in 
  Nebraska, 
  during 
  the 
  earlier 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  season, 
  the 
  

   prevailing 
  direction 
  taken 
  by 
  swarms 
  is 
  northward 
  and 
  westward,, 
  

   while 
  later 
  in 
  the 
  seasou 
  it 
  is 
  toward 
  the 
  south. 
  The 
  turning-point 
  is 
  . 
  

   about 
  July 
  15. 
  Whether 
  this 
  is 
  really 
  the 
  case, 
  or 
  whether 
  it 
  is 
  due 
  to 
  . 
  

   arriving 
  and 
  departing 
  swarms, 
  I 
  am 
  not 
  quite 
  prepared 
  to 
  assert 
  posi- 
  

   tively 
  at 
  present. 
  That 
  this 
  is 
  true, 
  however, 
  can 
  easily 
  be 
  ascertained 
  

   by 
  referring 
  to 
  any 
  work 
  giving 
  the 
  data 
  of 
  locust 
  flights, 
  for 
  a 
  succes- 
  

   sion 
  of 
  years 
  in 
  this 
  district. 
  However 
  doubtful 
  this 
  may 
  appear 
  at 
  

   present, 
  it 
  is 
  nevertheless 
  my 
  opinion 
  tbat 
  it 
  all 
  depends 
  upon 
  the 
  out- 
  

   going 
  and 
  incoming 
  swarms, 
  with 
  perhaps 
  an 
  occasional 
  exception 
  

   brought 
  on 
  by 
  change 
  of 
  winds, 
  &c.; 
  perhaps 
  also 
  the 
  change 
  in 
  the 
  

   direction 
  of 
  the 
  prevailing 
  winds 
  at 
  about 
  this 
  time 
  has 
  something 
  to 
  

   do 
  with 
  the 
  matter. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  Permanent 
  Region 
  locality 
  matters 
  but 
  little 
  so 
  far 
  as 
  the 
  con- 
  

   tinuatiofi 
  of 
  the 
  species 
  is 
  concerned, 
  but 
  outside 
  of 
  this 
  the 
  insect 
  can 
  

   continue 
  but 
  a 
  few 
  generations, 
  and 
  hence 
  its 
  great 
  uneasiness 
  and: 
  

   longing 
  to 
  get 
  back 
  to 
  its 
  native 
  climes 
  and 
  home 
  scenes. 
  

  

  While 
  the 
  true 
  home 
  of 
  this 
  locust 
  is 
  quite 
  permanent 
  in 
  its 
  leading 
  

   characteristics, 
  the 
  Temporary 
  Region 
  is 
  one 
  of 
  variable 
  character 
  and 
  

   sudden 
  changes, 
  with 
  unsettled 
  winds. 
  The 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  Permanent 
  

   Region 
  is 
  much 
  the 
  same 
  throughout, 
  while 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  Temporary 
  Re- 
  

   gion 
  is 
  variable. 
  The 
  true 
  difference 
  between 
  these 
  two 
  regions, 
  how- 
  

   ever, 
  which 
  seems 
  to 
  tell 
  on 
  the 
  life 
  of 
  Galopteyius 
  sjjretus, 
  is 
  the 
  amount 
  

   of 
  moisture 
  present, 
  and 
  also 
  the 
  altitude. 
  A 
  wet 
  or 
  humid 
  climate 
  

   is 
  unfaA^orable, 
  while 
  one 
  that 
  is 
  arid 
  is 
  favorable 
  to 
  its 
  increase. 
  

  

  The 
  localities 
  chosen 
  by 
  this 
  insect 
  for 
  the 
  depositing 
  of 
  eggs 
  are 
  such 
  

   as 
  are 
  partly 
  denuded 
  of 
  vegetation 
  and 
  where 
  the 
  soil 
  is 
  firm, 
  as 
  new 
  

   breakings, 
  pastures, 
  roadsides, 
  south 
  hillsides 
  and 
  a 
  variety 
  of 
  similar 
  

   localities. 
  Yery 
  low 
  or 
  wet 
  grounds 
  are 
  never 
  chosen, 
  neither 
  is 
  very 
  

   loose 
  and 
  sandy 
  soil 
  that 
  is 
  liable 
  to 
  be 
  blown 
  away 
  by 
  winds. 
  The 
  lo- 
  

   cust 
  possesses 
  similar 
  habits 
  throughout 
  the 
  country 
  at 
  times 
  visited 
  

   by 
  it; 
  yet 
  these 
  habits 
  are 
  necessarily 
  slightly 
  altered 
  by 
  variation 
  of 
  

   climate, 
  surface 
  configuration, 
  and 
  other 
  influencing 
  agencies. 
  While 
  

   in 
  the 
  Temporary 
  Region 
  the 
  eggs 
  are 
  chiefly 
  deposited 
  in 
  proximity 
  to 
  

   3 
  E 
  

  

  