﻿Yin 
  TABLE 
  OF 
  CONTENTS. 
  

  

  Page. 
  

   B. 
  Observations 
  on 
  the 
  new 
  crop 
  gall-gnat. 
  By 
  Dr. 
  Balthasar 
  Wagner, 
  

  

  FULDA, 
  1861. 
  Translated 
  by 
  Carl 
  F. 
  Gissler 
  [8] 
  

  

  Literature, 
  [8] 
  — 
  preliminary 
  consideration 
  of 
  the 
  snbimago 
  and 
  imago 
  

   stages, 
  [8] 
  — 
  occurrence 
  at 
  Fulda, 
  [8] 
  — 
  breeding 
  under 
  nets, 
  [9] 
  — 
  sea- 
  

   sonal 
  and 
  sexual 
  differences, 
  [9] 
  — 
  the 
  fly 
  short 
  lived, 
  [10]— 
  description 
  

   of 
  tlie 
  adult 
  [10] 
  — 
  of 
  the 
  male, 
  [12] 
  — 
  of 
  the 
  female, 
  [13] 
  — 
  the 
  winter 
  

   generation, 
  [14] 
  — 
  the 
  egg, 
  [15] 
  — 
  the 
  maggot, 
  [16] 
  — 
  the 
  pupa 
  or 
  chry- 
  

   salis, 
  [19] 
  — 
  the 
  perfect 
  insect, 
  [20] 
  — 
  seasonal 
  and 
  sexual 
  differences, 
  

   [21]— 
  only 
  the 
  maggots 
  hibernate, 
  [22] 
  — 
  single 
  and 
  double 
  brooded, 
  

   [23] 
  — 
  summer 
  generation, 
  [23] 
  — 
  the 
  n,ew 
  cereal 
  gall-gnat 
  as 
  compared 
  

   with 
  Cecidomyia 
  secalina 
  Loew, 
  [24] 
  — 
  comparison 
  of 
  C. 
  secalina 
  Loew 
  with 
  

   C. 
  destructor 
  Say, 
  [24] 
  — 
  views 
  of 
  Loew, 
  Fitch, 
  and 
  Herrick 
  discussed, 
  

   [25 
  J— 
  the 
  rye 
  gall-gnat, 
  C. 
  secalina 
  and 
  C. 
  destructor, 
  all 
  of 
  one 
  species, 
  

   [28] 
  — 
  the 
  name 
  Hessian 
  fly 
  not 
  justified, 
  [28] 
  — 
  historical 
  evidence 
  there- 
  

   on, 
  [28]— 
  attempt 
  at 
  a 
  new 
  theory 
  of 
  the 
  origin 
  of 
  the 
  insect, 
  [31] 
  — 
  of 
  

   Asiatic 
  origin?, 
  [31] 
  — 
  carried 
  to 
  North 
  America 
  from 
  France 
  or 
  Spain, 
  

   [32] 
  — 
  parasites, 
  [33] 
  — 
  remedies, 
  [34] 
  — 
  the 
  removal 
  of 
  the 
  barley 
  after- 
  

   growth, 
  [34] 
  — 
  picking 
  by 
  hand, 
  [35] 
  — 
  grazing, 
  [35] 
  — 
  mowing, 
  etc., 
  [36] 
  

   — 
  sowing 
  grain 
  as 
  bait, 
  [36] 
  — 
  plowing, 
  burning, 
  rolling, 
  [37] 
  — 
  richness 
  of 
  

   soil, 
  [37] 
  — 
  resistive 
  varieties 
  of 
  wheat, 
  [38] 
  — 
  sowing 
  late 
  or 
  early, 
  [38]. 
  

  

  APPENDIX 
  III. 
  

  

  The 
  Hessian 
  fly 
  in 
  Silesia 
  in 
  1869. 
  By 
  Professor 
  Dr. 
  Ferd. 
  Cohn 
  [39] 
  

  

  The 
  Hessian 
  fly, 
  Cecidomyia 
  destructor, 
  and 
  other 
  diptera 
  observed 
  destroy- 
  

   ing 
  grain 
  in 
  Silesia, 
  [39]. 
  

  

  APPENDIX 
  IV. 
  

  

  Koeppen's 
  account 
  of 
  the 
  Hessian 
  fly. 
  By 
  F. 
  T. 
  Koeppen, 
  St. 
  Peters- 
  

   burg, 
  1880 
  [41] 
  

  

  The 
  Hessian 
  fly 
  recently 
  detected 
  extensively 
  distributed 
  in 
  Eussia, 
  [41] 
  — 
  

   two 
  generations 
  each 
  season, 
  [41] 
  — 
  number 
  of 
  eggs 
  at 
  each 
  deposition, 
  

   [41] 
  — 
  parasites, 
  [41] 
  — 
  doubtful 
  species 
  of 
  Cecidomyia, 
  [42] 
  — 
  descriptions 
  

   of 
  species, 
  [42]. 
  

  

  APPENDIX 
  V. 
  

  

  The 
  Hessian 
  fly 
  not 
  imported 
  from 
  Europe. 
  By 
  Dr. 
  H. 
  A. 
  Hagen, 
  Cam- 
  

   bridge, 
  Mass 
  [43] 
  

  

  Conclusions 
  of 
  the 
  author 
  and 
  others 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  nativity 
  of 
  Cecidomyia 
  de- 
  

   structor, 
  [43] 
  — 
  not 
  imported 
  by 
  the 
  Hessian 
  troops, 
  [43] 
  — 
  probably 
  here 
  

   before 
  the 
  war, 
  [45] 
  — 
  not 
  known 
  in 
  Germany 
  before 
  1857, 
  [46] 
  — 
  mistakes 
  

   corrected, 
  [46] 
  — 
  a 
  critical 
  review 
  of 
  its 
  history, 
  [47] 
  — 
  marked 
  difference 
  

   between 
  C, 
  destructor 
  and 
  C. 
  secalina, 
  [49]. 
  

  

  APPENDIX 
  VI. 
  ^ 
  ^ 
  

  

  Report 
  on 
  the 
  Eocky 
  Mountain 
  locust 
  in 
  1880. 
  By 
  John 
  Marten 
  [50] 
  

  

  Eeport 
  to 
  Dr. 
  Cyrus 
  Thomas 
  of 
  observations, 
  [50] 
  — 
  damages 
  from 
  locusts 
  

   and 
  wheat 
  flies 
  in 
  Minnesota, 
  [50]— 
  previous 
  damages 
  from 
  locusts 
  in 
  

   Dakota, 
  [51] 
  — 
  in 
  Montana, 
  [52]. 
  

  

  APPENDIX 
  VII. 
  

  

  Eeport 
  of 
  notes 
  made 
  in 
  1880 
  by 
  A. 
  J. 
  Chipman 
  [55] 
  

  

  No 
  locusts 
  in 
  Kansas, 
  [55] 
  — 
  suffering 
  from 
  drought, 
  [55] 
  — 
  favorable 
  cli- 
  

   matic 
  changes, 
  [55] 
  — 
  the 
  locusts 
  in 
  Colorado, 
  [56]. 
  

  

  