﻿SOLAR 
  PHYSICS 
  AND 
  LOCUST 
  INCREASE. 
  75 
  

  

  SO 
  on 
  ; 
  each 
  in 
  every 
  case, 
  if 
  we 
  except 
  the 
  interval 
  1828-1836, 
  where 
  

   two 
  cycles 
  of 
  migration 
  seem 
  to 
  be 
  run 
  together, 
  fairly 
  indicating 
  the 
  

   interims 
  between 
  the 
  years 
  of 
  solar 
  energy 
  as 
  given 
  from 
  observation 
  

   by 
  Schwabe, 
  Wolf, 
  and 
  others. 
  

  

  Now, 
  then, 
  for 
  the 
  great 
  resume 
  of 
  European 
  locust 
  migration. 
  In 
  

   the 
  year 
  1527 
  locusts 
  swept 
  out 
  of 
  Turkey 
  into 
  Poland, 
  and 
  in 
  1536 
  

   they 
  came 
  from 
  the 
  Black 
  Sea 
  to 
  Huugary, 
  traversing 
  Lithuania 
  and 
  

   Poland 
  to 
  Schleswig. 
  In 
  1541 
  the 
  locusts 
  again 
  visit 
  Poland, 
  and 
  a 
  great 
  

   army 
  flies 
  through 
  Germany 
  into 
  Italy, 
  some 
  passing 
  forward 
  over 
  

   Silesia 
  and 
  Saxony, 
  while 
  others 
  turn 
  themselves 
  toward 
  Austria 
  and 
  

   Italy. 
  The 
  next 
  year 
  a 
  swarm 
  passes 
  through 
  Poland 
  and 
  Lithuania 
  

   into 
  Prussia 
  and 
  Silesia, 
  spreading 
  over 
  a 
  great 
  part 
  of 
  Europe, 
  and 
  

   two 
  years 
  after 
  there 
  were 
  said 
  to 
  be 
  so 
  many 
  grasshoppers 
  about 
  Mis- 
  

   mia 
  that 
  they 
  covered 
  the 
  ground 
  about 
  a 
  cubit 
  thick. 
  1544 
  I 
  doubt- 
  

   fully 
  take 
  out 
  as 
  a 
  minimum 
  year 
  of 
  sun-spots, 
  from 
  Mr. 
  Mallet's 
  seismic 
  

   table. 
  In 
  the 
  year 
  1553, 
  after 
  five 
  years' 
  drought, 
  great 
  armies 
  of 
  lo- 
  

   custs 
  were 
  noticed, 
  no 
  locality 
  being 
  precised, 
  and 
  in 
  two 
  years' 
  time 
  we 
  

   hear 
  of 
  them 
  at 
  Aries, 
  and 
  the 
  next 
  year 
  in 
  Mailaud. 
  1555 
  or 
  1553 
  works 
  

   out 
  as 
  a 
  minimum 
  year 
  from 
  Mr. 
  Mallet's 
  table. 
  In 
  1571 
  and 
  1572 
  locusts 
  

   ravage 
  to 
  such 
  an 
  extent 
  in 
  Italy 
  that 
  an 
  edict 
  is 
  promulgated 
  by 
  the 
  Vice 
  

   Duke 
  of 
  Alcala 
  regarding 
  their 
  destruction. 
  Though 
  this 
  multiplication 
  

   C?) 
  evidently 
  indicates 
  a 
  warm 
  solar 
  epoch, 
  I, 
  with 
  some 
  little 
  hesitation, 
  

   mark 
  1570 
  as 
  a 
  proximate 
  maximum 
  (?) 
  of 
  solar 
  spots, 
  the 
  seismic 
  data 
  

   which 
  give 
  the 
  year 
  being 
  somewhat 
  perplexing. 
  In 
  1613 
  locusts 
  are 
  de- 
  

   structive 
  in 
  Provence, 
  and* 
  the 
  year 
  takes 
  out 
  very 
  naturally 
  as 
  a 
  mini- 
  

   mum 
  one 
  from 
  the 
  seismic 
  data. 
  In 
  1618 
  and 
  1619 
  Spain 
  is 
  afflicted 
  by 
  

   a 
  species 
  of 
  locust, 
  but 
  like 
  all 
  other 
  records 
  from 
  Spain, 
  this 
  is 
  yet 
  as 
  

   wanting 
  to- 
  me 
  in 
  a 
  raison 
  cVetre 
  as 
  the 
  celebrated 
  chateau; 
  1618 
  it 
  may 
  

   be 
  noticed, 
  is 
  a 
  maximum 
  year 
  of 
  solar 
  spots 
  on 
  my 
  table. 
  In 
  1645 
  and 
  

   1646 
  there 
  was 
  a 
  plague 
  of 
  locusts 
  in 
  the 
  Ukraine, 
  1645 
  here 
  being 
  evi- 
  

   dently 
  a 
  minimum 
  epoch 
  of 
  solar 
  spots, 
  as 
  indicated 
  by 
  the 
  seismic 
  data. 
  

   In 
  1650 
  Lithuania 
  and 
  Poland 
  are 
  visited 
  by 
  locusts, 
  an 
  invasion 
  I 
  would 
  

   correlate 
  with 
  a 
  minimum 
  of 
  suu-si)ots 
  in 
  165*1, 
  and 
  in 
  1662 
  we 
  find 
  the 
  

   province 
  of 
  Puglia 
  Daunia 
  visited 
  by 
  locusts, 
  the 
  minimum 
  of 
  solar 
  

   spots 
  being 
  found 
  in 
  1667, 
  or 
  in 
  1654, 
  if 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  former 
  invasion. 
  In 
  

   1684 
  an 
  immense 
  flight 
  appears 
  in 
  Hungary 
  and 
  Austria, 
  and 
  the 
  next 
  

   year 
  a 
  swarm 
  is 
  noticed 
  at 
  Avignon. 
  This 
  multiplication 
  forms 
  a 
  pre- 
  

   lude 
  to 
  an 
  invasion 
  of 
  Northern 
  Europe 
  in 
  1689, 
  when 
  the 
  locusts, 
  now 
  

   abundant 
  in 
  the 
  Ukraine, 
  strike 
  on 
  the 
  coasts 
  of 
  Lithuania 
  and 
  Poland, 
  

   reaching 
  to 
  Yolhynia, 
  in 
  Eussia, 
  during 
  the 
  succeeding 
  year. 
  In 
  1693 
  

   they 
  sweep 
  in 
  large 
  bands 
  through 
  Huugary, 
  Bohemia, 
  and 
  Austria, 
  into 
  

   Germany, 
  reaching 
  Austria 
  on 
  the 
  3d 
  of 
  August, 
  Jena 
  on 
  the 
  18th, 
  and 
  

   Weimar 
  on 
  the 
  20th. 
  This 
  invasion 
  continues 
  to 
  show 
  uj) 
  in 
  Germany 
  

   until 
  1696. 
  The 
  year 
  1688, 
  according 
  to 
  my 
  table, 
  indicates 
  the 
  minimum 
  

   period 
  of 
  spots 
  to 
  which 
  this 
  influx 
  would 
  be 
  referable. 
  

  

  