﻿1G8 
  REPORT 
  UNITED 
  STATES 
  ENTOMOLOGICAL 
  COMMISSION. 
  

  

  Mass., 
  in 
  or 
  about 
  1844, 
  when 
  ^'tliey 
  were 
  so 
  numerous 
  that 
  they 
  could 
  

   be 
  heard 
  traveling 
  through 
  the 
  grass.'^^^ 
  

  

  In 
  1847, 
  Harris 
  continues, 
  they 
  reappeared, 
  becoming 
  more 
  numerous 
  

   every 
  year 
  until 
  1854 
  (the 
  date 
  of 
  the 
  report), 
  when 
  their 
  ravages 
  were 
  

   very 
  severe 
  in 
  Cambridge 
  and 
  adjoining 
  towns, 
  though 
  they 
  had 
  not 
  

   then 
  reached 
  the 
  height 
  attained 
  in 
  1839. 
  

  

  There 
  seems 
  to 
  be 
  no 
  evidence 
  of 
  the 
  occurrence 
  of 
  Canker 
  Worms 
  in 
  

   the 
  so-called 
  Western, 
  or 
  more 
  properly 
  Ii^orthern 
  Central 
  States, 
  pre- 
  

   vious 
  to 
  1852. 
  

  

  Mr. 
  James 
  Tucker 
  states(^°)that 
  Canker 
  Worms 
  began 
  attacking 
  his 
  

   orchard, 
  in 
  Warren 
  County, 
  Illinois, 
  about 
  1852-1854, 
  and 
  their 
  ravages 
  

   continued 
  till 
  1860, 
  in 
  which 
  year 
  they 
  ceased 
  j 
  his 
  trees 
  "fruited 
  well 
  

   that 
  year, 
  and 
  have 
  ever 
  since 
  [till 
  1866] 
  * 
  * 
  * 
  • 
  the 
  worms 
  hatched 
  

   out 
  as 
  before, 
  but 
  died 
  without 
  doing 
  injury." 
  Mr. 
  Tucker 
  attributes 
  

   the 
  immunity 
  from 
  injury, 
  which 
  his 
  trees 
  enjoyed 
  from 
  1860 
  to 
  1866, 
  

   to 
  the 
  impregnation 
  of 
  the 
  leaves 
  with 
  sulphur, 
  which 
  he 
  inserted 
  in 
  

   the 
  stem 
  of 
  the 
  tree 
  j 
  but 
  as 
  this 
  cannot 
  be, 
  some 
  other 
  reason 
  needs 
  to 
  

   be 
  assigned. 
  

  

  The 
  occurrence 
  of 
  "the 
  measuring-worm," 
  which 
  may 
  or 
  may 
  not 
  be 
  

   a 
  Canker 
  Worm, 
  at 
  Edgerton, 
  Williams 
  County, 
  Ohio, 
  in 
  1860, 
  is 
  inci- 
  

   dentally 
  mentioned 
  by 
  E. 
  A. 
  F., 
  in 
  the 
  Frairie 
  Farmer 
  , 
  under 
  date 
  of 
  

   July 
  24, 
  1860. 
  

  

  Mr. 
  N. 
  L. 
  Hoover 
  states 
  "^^ 
  that 
  Canker 
  Worms 
  destroyed 
  the 
  leaves 
  

   and 
  fruit 
  of 
  his 
  apple 
  trees, 
  in 
  Macoupin 
  County, 
  Illinois, 
  every 
  year 
  

   from 
  1858 
  to 
  1861, 
  inclusive. 
  

  

  N. 
  G. 
  C. 
  states 
  '^'^ 
  that 
  Canker 
  Worms 
  played 
  sad 
  havoc 
  on 
  the 
  orchards 
  

   in 
  Monroe 
  County, 
  Iowa, 
  in 
  1861, 
  in 
  some 
  instances 
  destroying 
  both 
  foli- 
  

   age 
  and 
  fruit. 
  

  

  According 
  to 
  Mr. 
  Sanford 
  Howard, 
  secretary 
  of 
  the 
  Michigan 
  State 
  

   Board 
  of 
  Agriculture, 
  "^^ 
  the 
  Canker 
  Worm 
  first 
  appeared 
  in 
  the 
  neigh- 
  

   borhood 
  of 
  Marshall, 
  Calhoun 
  County, 
  Michigan, 
  in 
  1862, 
  on 
  two 
  or 
  three 
  

   trees, 
  in 
  the 
  orchard 
  of 
  Mr. 
  Edwin 
  Wilson, 
  of 
  Marengo. 
  In 
  1866, 
  these 
  

   trees 
  were 
  dead, 
  while 
  several 
  others, 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  largest 
  and 
  best 
  

   in 
  the 
  orchard, 
  were 
  nearly 
  dead, 
  and 
  the 
  vitality 
  of 
  all 
  the 
  trees 
  was 
  so 
  

   weakened 
  that, 
  though 
  on 
  manj^ 
  of 
  them 
  there 
  were 
  not 
  worms 
  enough 
  

   in 
  1866 
  to 
  do 
  much 
  injury 
  to 
  the 
  foliage, 
  they 
  would 
  bear 
  no 
  fruit. 
  The 
  

   ravages 
  of 
  the 
  insect 
  were 
  obvious 
  in 
  1866 
  in 
  at 
  least 
  six 
  different 
  or- 
  

   chards 
  in 
  that 
  neighborhood, 
  and 
  were 
  spreading 
  year 
  by 
  year. 
  Where 
  

   they 
  prevailed 
  in 
  the 
  greatest 
  numbers 
  in 
  1864 
  and 
  1865 
  they 
  were 
  less 
  

   numerous 
  in 
  1866. 
  The 
  cause 
  of 
  their 
  diminution 
  in 
  their 
  old 
  haunts 
  

   was 
  obscure. 
  Mr. 
  Howard 
  thought 
  that 
  perhaps 
  the 
  foliage 
  was 
  not 
  suf- 
  

   ficient 
  in 
  quantity 
  in 
  1865 
  to 
  carry 
  to 
  maturity 
  all 
  the 
  worms 
  that 
  fed 
  

  

  69 
  Trans. 
  Mass. 
  Hort. 
  Soc, 
  for 
  1874, 
  p. 
  22. 
  

   '"Prairie 
  Farmer, 
  [v. 
  33], 
  n. 
  s., 
  v. 
  17, 
  p. 
  211. 
  

   * 
  " 
  Prairie 
  Farmer, 
  v. 
  23, 
  n. 
  s., 
  v. 
  7, 
  p. 
  332. 
  

  

  "Prairie 
  Farmer, 
  v. 
  23, 
  n. 
  s., 
  v. 
  7, 
  p. 
  401. 
  

   '3 
  Pract. 
  Eutom., 
  v. 
  2, 
  pp. 
  6-7. 
  

  

  