﻿242 
  REPORT 
  UNITED 
  STATES 
  ENTOMOLOGICAL 
  COMMISSION. 
  

  

  THE 
  HESSIAN 
  FLY 
  IN 
  MARYLAND. 
  

  

  It 
  appeared 
  in 
  Marylaod 
  in 
  1830. 
  — 
  [Easton 
  Gazette, 
  

  

  THE 
  HESSIAN 
  FLY 
  IN 
  NORTH 
  CAROLINA. 
  

  

  The 
  Hessian 
  Fly 
  occasionally 
  does 
  considerable 
  damage 
  in 
  Burke 
  

   County. 
  — 
  [H. 
  K. 
  Morrison. 
  

  

  Prof. 
  F.W.Simouds, 
  University 
  of 
  ISTortli 
  Carolina, 
  writes 
  us 
  (January 
  

   12, 
  1881) 
  that 
  lie 
  cannot 
  learn 
  that 
  the 
  Hessian 
  Fly 
  is 
  in 
  the 
  neighbor- 
  

   liood 
  of 
  Chapel 
  Hill. 
  

  

  THE 
  HESSIAN 
  FLY 
  IN 
  MICHIGAN. 
  

  

  Galesburg, 
  Mich., 
  Decemhei- 
  1, 
  1880. 
  

  

  Dear 
  Sir 
  : 
  Your 
  note 
  of 
  the 
  24tli 
  of 
  November 
  is 
  just 
  at 
  hand. 
  I 
  have 
  a 
  few 
  larvae 
  

   and 
  pupae 
  of 
  the 
  Hessian 
  Fly 
  in 
  alcohol, 
  taken 
  last 
  year, 
  which 
  I 
  will 
  send. 
  Will 
  send 
  

   living 
  ones 
  in 
  the 
  plant 
  as 
  soon 
  as 
  occasion 
  offers. 
  At 
  present 
  the 
  ground 
  is 
  covered 
  

   "with 
  a 
  foot 
  of 
  snow. 
  During 
  the 
  past 
  season 
  the 
  fly 
  has 
  done 
  no 
  appreciable 
  damage 
  

   in 
  this 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  State. 
  Hardly 
  any 
  of 
  the 
  larvae 
  and 
  pupae 
  were 
  to 
  be 
  found 
  in 
  

   the 
  wheat 
  sown 
  this 
  fall, 
  though 
  in 
  fields 
  where 
  the 
  ground 
  had 
  been 
  plowed 
  to 
  stubble 
  

   in 
  wheat, 
  and 
  wheat 
  had 
  come 
  up 
  in 
  August, 
  I 
  found 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  larvae, 
  but 
  not 
  in 
  abun- 
  

   dance. 
  I 
  have 
  neither 
  seen 
  the 
  parasite 
  Semiotellus 
  destructor 
  nor 
  any 
  indication 
  of 
  its 
  

   presence 
  in 
  the 
  larvae 
  of 
  the 
  fly. 
  During 
  the 
  summer 
  I 
  have 
  discovered 
  a 
  new 
  — 
  ^to 
  

   me 
  — 
  insect 
  at 
  work 
  in 
  the 
  wheat, 
  which 
  is 
  nearly 
  allied 
  to 
  the 
  Hessian 
  Fly. 
  Owing 
  to 
  

   its 
  being 
  a 
  very 
  busy 
  season 
  I 
  did 
  not 
  even 
  rear 
  the 
  insect 
  to 
  the 
  perfect 
  imago, 
  and 
  

   only 
  observed 
  it 
  in 
  the 
  larva 
  and 
  pupa 
  state. 
  Have 
  regretted 
  that 
  I 
  did 
  not 
  take 
  

   more 
  time 
  to 
  attend 
  to 
  it. 
  I 
  should 
  judge 
  that 
  the 
  fly 
  deposited 
  the 
  eggs 
  near 
  the 
  

   base 
  of 
  the 
  stem, 
  and 
  that 
  the 
  insect, 
  on 
  hatching, 
  worked 
  into 
  the 
  stem 
  to 
  the 
  center 
  

   of 
  the 
  plant, 
  and 
  then 
  up 
  ward 
  through 
  the 
  third 
  or 
  fourth 
  joint, 
  living 
  upon 
  the 
  juices 
  

   in 
  its 
  progress, 
  and 
  when 
  almost 
  fully 
  grown 
  eating 
  through 
  the 
  stem 
  just 
  above 
  the 
  

   joint; 
  then 
  fixing 
  itself 
  in 
  the 
  sheath, 
  as 
  does 
  the 
  Hessian 
  Fly, 
  to 
  the 
  lower 
  joint, 
  it 
  

   undergoes 
  gradually 
  the 
  change 
  to 
  the 
  chrysalis. 
  These 
  are 
  of 
  a 
  deep 
  chestnut 
  color 
  

   about 
  three-fourths 
  the 
  size 
  of 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  Hessian 
  Fly, 
  and 
  not 
  more 
  than 
  three 
  of 
  the 
  

   insects 
  were 
  found 
  by 
  me 
  in 
  one 
  stalk. 
  The 
  stem 
  of 
  the 
  plant, 
  being 
  weakened 
  by 
  the 
  

   insect, 
  breaks 
  off 
  just 
  above 
  the 
  joint, 
  and 
  helow 
  the 
  spot 
  where 
  the 
  pupa 
  is, 
  just 
  before 
  

   the 
  heads 
  mature, 
  usually, 
  though 
  some 
  heads 
  were 
  partly 
  filled 
  with 
  small, 
  defective 
  

   kernels. 
  The 
  insect 
  seems 
  to 
  confine 
  its 
  operations 
  to 
  red 
  wheat, 
  and 
  the 
  Fultz 
  va- 
  

   riety 
  was 
  this 
  season 
  damaged 
  the 
  most. 
  I 
  did 
  not 
  find 
  a 
  single 
  one 
  on 
  the 
  Clawson 
  

   wheat, 
  while 
  some 
  fields 
  of 
  Fultz 
  wheat 
  had 
  about 
  one-fourth 
  of 
  the 
  stalks 
  damaged. 
  

   Very 
  truly 
  yours, 
  

  

  F. 
  S. 
  SLEEPER. 
  

  

  A. 
  S. 
  Packard, 
  Jr. 
  

  

  The 
  fly 
  has 
  made 
  sad 
  havoc 
  in 
  the 
  wheat-fields 
  of 
  southwestern 
  Michigan. 
  Fields 
  

   that 
  looked 
  fine 
  a 
  few 
  weeks 
  ago 
  are 
  fully 
  one-half 
  destroyed. 
  — 
  \_Providence 
  Journal, 
  

   December 
  6, 
  1881. 
  

  

  Galesburg, 
  Mich., 
  December 
  20, 
  1881. 
  

  

  Dear 
  Sir 
  : 
  Your 
  note 
  of 
  the 
  20th 
  of 
  September 
  was 
  duly 
  received, 
  requesting 
  me 
  

   to 
  collect 
  the 
  eggs 
  of 
  tke 
  Hessian 
  Fly, 
  with 
  a 
  view 
  to 
  obtaining 
  egg 
  parasites 
  of 
  the 
  

   fly. 
  I 
  have 
  been 
  very 
  busy 
  this 
  fall, 
  and 
  could 
  not 
  give 
  it 
  the 
  time 
  when 
  it 
  ought 
  to 
  

   haA'^e 
  been 
  given. 
  Yet 
  on 
  several 
  occasions 
  I 
  have 
  spent 
  some 
  time, 
  and, 
  with 
  the 
  

   most 
  diligent 
  search, 
  have 
  seen 
  the 
  fly 
  only 
  on 
  one 
  afternoon, 
  and 
  then 
  in 
  few 
  num- 
  

   bers, 
  and 
  have 
  failed 
  to 
  find 
  any 
  of 
  the 
  pupa 
  or 
  flaxseed. 
  What 
  is 
  the 
  reason 
  for 
  the 
  

   scarcity 
  I 
  do 
  not 
  know. 
  We 
  have 
  had 
  a 
  very 
  unusual 
  season, 
  long 
  droughts 
  alter- 
  

   nating 
  with 
  excessive 
  rainfalls. 
  Will 
  try 
  in 
  the 
  future 
  to 
  comply 
  with 
  your 
  request. 
  

  

  Truly 
  yours, 
  

  

  FRANK 
  S. 
  SLEEPER. 
  

   A. 
  S. 
  Packard, 
  Jr. 
  

  

  