﻿DERMATOPTERA. 
  307 
  

  

  which 
  is 
  oblong, 
  widening 
  in 
  front, 
  and 
  with 
  the 
  surface 
  slightly 
  con- 
  

   vex, 
  and 
  a 
  priBsternal 
  area 
  which 
  is 
  again 
  subdivided 
  into 
  a 
  median 
  

   rounded 
  area 
  (Figs. 
  10-12, 
  p 
  st) 
  flanked 
  posteriorly 
  by 
  two 
  small 
  tri- 
  

   angular 
  sclerites 
  {p' 
  st). 
  

  

  The 
  mesosternum 
  is 
  scutellate 
  in 
  shape, 
  nearly 
  as 
  long 
  as 
  broad, 
  wide 
  

   in 
  front, 
  narrow 
  and 
  well 
  rounded 
  behind 
  the 
  coxse. 
  

  

  The 
  metasternum 
  is 
  entire, 
  very 
  large, 
  broad 
  and 
  rather 
  full 
  on 
  the 
  

   surface; 
  it 
  is 
  as 
  broad 
  as 
  long, 
  encroaching 
  on 
  the 
  pleurites, 
  and 
  behind 
  

   is 
  faintly 
  separated 
  by 
  suture 
  from 
  the 
  first 
  urite. 
  

  

  THE 
  ABDOMEN. 
  

  

  There 
  are 
  ten 
  uromeres 
  with 
  ten 
  urosternites 
  (PI. 
  XXIY, 
  figs. 
  7-9); 
  

   the 
  8th 
  very 
  large, 
  being 
  four 
  times 
  as 
  long 
  as 
  the 
  7th 
  ; 
  the 
  9th 
  and 
  10th 
  

   each 
  forming 
  a 
  pair 
  of 
  lateral 
  scales, 
  at 
  base 
  of 
  each 
  blade 
  of 
  the 
  forceps, 
  

   being 
  separated 
  by 
  the 
  median 
  sclerites 
  forming 
  the 
  genital 
  armature. 
  

   The 
  genitals, 
  forming 
  a 
  median, 
  interforcipate, 
  spine 
  like 
  sclerite, 
  and 
  

   present 
  above 
  and 
  below, 
  may 
  represent 
  the 
  11th 
  uromere. 
  The 
  for- 
  

   ceps 
  we 
  are 
  inclined 
  to 
  regard 
  as 
  homologues 
  of 
  the 
  cercopoda 
  in 
  other 
  

   Fhyloptera. 
  

  

  In 
  regarding 
  as 
  the 
  first 
  uromere 
  the 
  tergite 
  immediately 
  succeeding 
  

   what 
  we 
  have 
  described 
  as 
  the 
  meta-postscutellum, 
  we 
  difier 
  from 
  what 
  

   seems 
  to 
  be 
  Professor 
  Westwood's 
  opinion 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  nature 
  of 
  the 
  

   thorax. 
  He 
  apparently 
  regards 
  this 
  segment 
  or 
  tergite 
  and 
  pleurite 
  (as 
  

   the 
  sternal 
  portion 
  is 
  not 
  developed) 
  as 
  a 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  metathorax. 
  This 
  

   segment 
  is 
  a 
  large, 
  broad 
  sclerite 
  closely 
  connected 
  with 
  the 
  metatho- 
  

   rax, 
  being 
  slightly 
  excavated 
  next 
  to 
  the 
  metathorax, 
  and 
  rounded 
  be- 
  

   hind. 
  On 
  each 
  side 
  it 
  is 
  separated 
  by 
  suture 
  from 
  a 
  narrow 
  pleurite 
  

   bearing 
  the 
  large, 
  somewhat 
  kidney-shaped 
  first 
  abdominal 
  stigma. 
  The 
  

   first 
  pair 
  of 
  abdominal 
  stigmata 
  is 
  large 
  and 
  simple, 
  the 
  chitinous 
  

   edge 
  forming 
  a 
  plain 
  ridge 
  without 
  any 
  projecting 
  teeth. 
  The 
  second 
  

   pair 
  of 
  abdominal 
  stigmata 
  is 
  visible 
  ; 
  the 
  others 
  are 
  not 
  easily 
  detected 
  , 
  

   as 
  they 
  are 
  minute, 
  but 
  judging 
  by 
  Westwood's 
  figures 
  there 
  are 
  the 
  

   usual 
  number, 
  i. 
  e., 
  eight 
  pairs. 
  Westwood 
  states 
  that 
  there 
  are 
  three 
  

   pairs 
  of 
  thoracic 
  spiracles 
  and 
  seven 
  pairs 
  of 
  abdominal 
  ones. 
  Should 
  

   it 
  be 
  proved 
  that 
  Forficula 
  has 
  a 
  pair 
  of 
  stigmata 
  to 
  each 
  thoracic 
  seg- 
  

   ment, 
  it 
  will 
  be 
  a 
  remarkable 
  fact, 
  as 
  there 
  is 
  no 
  insect 
  known 
  (Oampo- 
  

   dea 
  not 
  excepted) 
  which 
  has 
  a 
  pair 
  on 
  each 
  thoracic 
  segment. 
  But 
  we 
  

   are 
  inclined 
  to 
  think 
  that 
  Westwood 
  has 
  considered 
  our 
  first 
  abdominal 
  

   uromere 
  with 
  its 
  large 
  spiracles 
  as 
  a 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  metathorax, 
  and 
  thus 
  

   he 
  considers 
  the 
  number 
  of 
  pairs 
  of 
  thoracic 
  stigmata 
  as 
  three, 
  and 
  of 
  

   abdominal 
  ones 
  as 
  seven. 
  We 
  have 
  found 
  a 
  large 
  prothoracic 
  spiracle 
  

   over 
  the 
  coxa 
  on 
  the 
  posterior 
  end 
  under 
  the 
  posterior 
  corner 
  of 
  the 
  

   pronotum, 
  and 
  concealed 
  on 
  the 
  side 
  by 
  the 
  lateral, 
  scale-like 
  epimerum. 
  

   We 
  have 
  detected 
  a 
  pair 
  of 
  mesothoracic 
  spiracles, 
  but 
  none 
  on 
  the 
  

   metathorax. 
  

  

  The 
  result 
  of 
  our 
  examination 
  of 
  Forficulidse 
  is 
  that 
  they 
  constitute 
  

  

  