﻿NEUROPTERA. 
  345 
  

  

  a 
  little 
  more 
  than 
  one-half 
  as 
  long 
  as 
  the 
  mesonotura. 
  The 
  prsescutum 
  

   is 
  well 
  marked, 
  small, 
  divided 
  by 
  the 
  median 
  line 
  into 
  two 
  transversely 
  

   oblong 
  pieces, 
  the 
  broad 
  end 
  next 
  to 
  the 
  median 
  line. 
  

  

  The 
  scutum 
  is 
  deeply 
  cleft 
  behind 
  for 
  the 
  reception 
  of 
  the 
  triangular 
  

   scutellum, 
  the 
  anterior 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  latter 
  nearly 
  reaching 
  the 
  front 
  edge 
  

   of 
  the 
  scutum. 
  It 
  is 
  narrower 
  than 
  long, 
  the 
  lateral 
  sutures 
  obscure. 
  

   The 
  postscutellum 
  is 
  wanting. 
  

  

  Fleurum. 
  

  

  Propleurum. 
  (Fig. 
  4.) 
  The 
  ei)isternum 
  and 
  epimerum 
  are 
  minute, 
  

   rudimentary. 
  

  

  Mesopleurum. 
  The 
  meso- 
  and 
  metaplenrites 
  are 
  high 
  and 
  short; 
  the 
  

   metapleurites 
  a 
  little 
  shorter 
  than 
  the 
  meso-; 
  in 
  this 
  respect 
  much 
  as 
  

   in 
  Lepidoptera. 
  The 
  episternum 
  is 
  not 
  subdivided 
  ; 
  it 
  is 
  square 
  oblong, 
  

   nearly 
  three 
  times 
  as 
  long 
  (deep) 
  as 
  wide. 
  The 
  epimerum 
  is 
  narrower, 
  

   but 
  of 
  nearly 
  the 
  same 
  shape, 
  but 
  excavated 
  by 
  the 
  wing-membrane. 
  

   The 
  coxa3 
  are 
  long, 
  narrow, 
  conical, 
  as 
  long 
  as 
  the 
  episternite; 
  the 
  tro- 
  

   chantine 
  one-half 
  as 
  wide 
  as 
  the 
  coxa. 
  

  

  Metapleurum. 
  (Fig. 
  6.) 
  The 
  episternum 
  is 
  much 
  narrower 
  than 
  the 
  

   mesepisternum, 
  especially 
  towards 
  the 
  wings, 
  and 
  the 
  epimerum 
  is 
  nearly 
  

   as 
  wide 
  as 
  in 
  the 
  mesopleurum. 
  The 
  coxae 
  are 
  fuller 
  and 
  thicker 
  than 
  

   those 
  of 
  the 
  mesothorax, 
  while 
  the 
  trochantine 
  is 
  much 
  smaller, 
  being 
  

   one-half 
  as 
  thick 
  and 
  shorter 
  than 
  in 
  the 
  mesothorax. 
  

  

  Sternuyn. 
  

   The 
  prosternum 
  is 
  short, 
  but 
  distinctly 
  developed. 
  The 
  mesosternum 
  

   is 
  rather 
  large, 
  about 
  two-thirds 
  as 
  long 
  as 
  broad, 
  produced 
  backward 
  

   in 
  the 
  middle, 
  with 
  a 
  subacute 
  apex. 
  The 
  metasternum^ 
  is 
  obsolete, 
  rep- 
  

   resented 
  by 
  a 
  membranous 
  area. 
  

  

  THE 
  ABDOMEN. 
  

  

  The 
  abdomen 
  (Fig. 
  7-9) 
  is 
  long 
  and 
  slender, 
  cylindrical, 
  much 
  as 
  in 
  the 
  

   lower 
  Lepidoptera. 
  There 
  are 
  nine 
  uromeres 
  equally 
  well 
  developed, 
  the 
  

   eighth 
  not 
  much 
  smaller 
  than 
  the 
  preceding 
  one; 
  there 
  are 
  eight 
  urites, 
  

   the 
  eighth 
  very 
  short. 
  The 
  pleural 
  region 
  is 
  membranous, 
  broad, 
  but 
  

   obsolete 
  on 
  the 
  first 
  and 
  eighth 
  uromeres, 
  with 
  a 
  spiracle 
  in 
  the 
  middle 
  

   of 
  each 
  of 
  the 
  first 
  eight 
  pleuritic 
  areas. 
  

  

  It 
  will 
  be 
  observed 
  that 
  the 
  Trichoptera 
  occupy 
  a 
  much 
  higher 
  sys- 
  

   tematic 
  position 
  than 
  any 
  of 
  the 
  foregoing 
  groups. 
  This 
  is 
  seen 
  in 
  the 
  

   loss 
  of 
  two 
  terminal 
  segments 
  in 
  the 
  abdomen, 
  in 
  the 
  small 
  concentrated 
  

   head, 
  and 
  the 
  subspherical 
  thorax. 
  

  

  The 
  Trichoptera 
  and 
  Panorpidae 
  differ 
  from 
  the 
  other 
  I^Teuroptera 
  in 
  

   having 
  the 
  trochantine 
  well 
  developed 
  and 
  nearly 
  as 
  large 
  or 
  larger 
  

   than 
  the 
  coxae; 
  in 
  this 
  respect 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  form 
  of 
  the 
  legs 
  they 
  closely 
  

   resemble 
  the 
  Lepidoptera. 
  Brauer* 
  has 
  called 
  attention 
  to 
  the 
  fact 
  

   that 
  in 
  the 
  Trichoptera 
  and 
  Panorpidae 
  the 
  coxae 
  are 
  divided 
  into 
  two 
  

   halves. 
  

  

  23 
  E 
  c 
  

  

  