﻿[42] 
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  UNITED 
  STATES 
  ENTOMOLOGICAL 
  COMMISSION. 
  

  

  far 
  the 
  Cecidomyia 
  secalina 
  Low* 
  differs 
  from 
  the 
  Hessian 
  fly 
  a 
  good 
  

   deal 
  can 
  be 
  discussed. 
  Nordlinger, 
  Taschenberg, 
  and 
  Kaltenbach 
  fol- 
  

   low 
  Waguer,t 
  saying 
  that 
  Cecidomyia 
  secalina 
  is 
  identical 
  with 
  Cecidomyia 
  

   destructor. 
  1 
  neither 
  have 
  Low's 
  nor 
  Wagner's 
  paper, 
  so 
  that 
  I 
  am 
  not 
  

   in 
  position 
  to 
  verify 
  this 
  view, 
  but 
  should 
  judge 
  from 
  the 
  positive 
  state- 
  

   ment 
  of 
  Haberlandt 
  that 
  Cecidomyia 
  destructor, 
  at 
  least 
  in 
  Hungary, 
  

   occurs 
  on 
  wheat 
  only, 
  and 
  that 
  the 
  gall- 
  gnat 
  living 
  on 
  rye 
  must 
  belong 
  to 
  

   another 
  species. 
  Yon 
  Bergenstamm 
  and 
  P. 
  Low 
  question 
  f 
  whether 
  

   Cecidomyia 
  f 
  unesta 
  J 
  descTihed 
  by 
  Motschulsky, 
  be 
  not 
  identical 
  with 
  Ceci- 
  

   domyia 
  secalina 
  Loew. 
  It 
  is 
  again 
  contradicted 
  by 
  the 
  circumstance 
  that 
  

   Cecidomyia 
  funesta 
  Motsch. 
  occurs 
  on 
  wheat 
  and 
  not 
  on 
  rye. 
  Yery 
  likely 
  

   this 
  species 
  belongs 
  to 
  the 
  subgenus 
  DiplosiSj 
  for 
  the 
  following 
  reasons 
  : 
  

   Motschulsky 
  says 
  that 
  his 
  Cecidomyia 
  funesta 
  very 
  much 
  resembles 
  C, 
  

   verna 
  Curtis, 
  the 
  latter 
  being 
  a 
  Diplosis. 
  This 
  is 
  also 
  verified 
  by 
  the 
  

   illustration 
  of 
  the 
  gall- 
  gnat 
  given 
  by 
  him, 
  since 
  the 
  second 
  longitudinal 
  

   vein 
  of 
  the 
  wing 
  terminates 
  helow 
  its 
  apex 
  (while 
  this 
  in 
  Cecidomyia 
  

   occurs 
  above 
  the 
  apex; 
  the 
  difference 
  in 
  the 
  number 
  of 
  antennal 
  joints 
  

   in 
  both 
  sexes 
  was 
  not 
  questioned, 
  as 
  the 
  single 
  male 
  specimen 
  from 
  

   which 
  the 
  description 
  was 
  made 
  was 
  without 
  antennae). 
  The 
  descrip- 
  

   tion 
  given 
  by 
  Motschulsky 
  is 
  so 
  insufficient 
  that 
  we 
  accordingly 
  cannot 
  

   even 
  determine 
  to 
  which 
  subgenus 
  that 
  species 
  belongs. 
  Specimens 
  of 
  

   the 
  genus 
  Cecidomyia^ 
  as 
  is 
  well 
  known, 
  soon 
  change 
  after 
  death, 
  losing 
  

   especially 
  their 
  characteristic 
  colors. 
  Not 
  much 
  meaning, 
  therefore, 
  

   has 
  the 
  following 
  description 
  by 
  Motschulsky 
  : 
  "Body 
  of 
  blackish-gray 
  

   color; 
  head 
  and 
  thorax 
  a 
  little 
  darker; 
  legs 
  pale 
  yellowish; 
  wings 
  

   slightly 
  smoke-colored, 
  turbid, 
  and 
  not 
  transparent, 
  but 
  unicolorous, 
  

   beset 
  with 
  short 
  hairs 
  at 
  the 
  inner 
  margin. 
  Length, 
  1 
  English 
  line 
  ; 
  

   wings 
  spread 
  2J 
  English 
  lines." 
  The 
  pupa 
  of 
  reddish-yellow 
  color, 
  IJ 
  

   lines 
  long. 
  Motschulsky 
  describes 
  and 
  figures 
  an 
  ichneumonid 
  parasitic 
  

   on 
  his 
  C. 
  funesta. 
  It 
  is 
  the 
  Platygaster 
  funestus 
  Mot^oh.. 
  The 
  larvae 
  of 
  

   this 
  gall-gnat 
  are 
  reported 
  to 
  attack 
  the 
  wheat 
  in 
  the 
  districts 
  of 
  Saratow 
  

   and 
  Simbirsk 
  in 
  the 
  same 
  manner 
  as 
  C. 
  destructor. 
  

  

  From 
  within 
  the 
  Russian 
  frontiers 
  there 
  are 
  yet 
  several 
  other 
  re- 
  

   ports 
  of 
  devastations 
  of 
  cereal 
  gall 
  gnats. 
  A 
  Cecidomyia 
  was 
  observed 
  

   during 
  several 
  years 
  (0. 
  secalina 
  Loew 
  ?) 
  by 
  Zeckert 
  in 
  the 
  district 
  of 
  

   Mohilef 
  attacking 
  rye. 
  He 
  also 
  observed 
  ichneumonids 
  parasitizing 
  

   them. 
  According 
  to 
  Czernay, 
  in 
  the 
  fall 
  of 
  1852 
  great 
  numbers 
  of 
  

   maggots 
  came 
  out 
  of 
  Cecidomyia 
  eggs 
  deposited 
  on 
  young 
  leaves 
  of 
  

   winter 
  rye 
  in 
  AugUst 
  in 
  the 
  district 
  of 
  Gharkof. 
  The 
  maggots 
  were 
  so 
  

   destructive 
  that 
  everything 
  green 
  withered. 
  In 
  October 
  they 
  trans- 
  

   formed 
  into 
  brown 
  pupae, 
  five 
  or 
  more 
  specimens 
  of 
  which 
  could 
  be 
  found 
  

   at 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  leaf-sheaths. 
  He 
  adds 
  that 
  Cecidomyia 
  occurs 
  twice 
  a 
  

   year 
  — 
  in 
  spring 
  and 
  fall. 
  Professor 
  Czernay 
  gives 
  the 
  following 
  insuf- 
  

   ficient 
  description 
  : 
  " 
  Body 
  blackish-gray 
  ; 
  head 
  and 
  thorax 
  a 
  little 
  

   darker 
  ; 
  wings 
  grayish, 
  brown 
  at 
  the 
  base, 
  beset 
  with 
  short 
  marginal 
  

   hairs; 
  legs 
  long, 
  blackish, 
  1 
  line 
  long. 
  Larva 
  of 
  a 
  reddish 
  color. 
  

   Pupa 
  brown, 
  elongate, 
  length 
  about 
  IJ 
  lines. 
  The 
  female 
  deposits 
  some 
  

   20 
  or 
  30 
  eggs 
  on 
  the 
  upper 
  side 
  of 
  young 
  rye 
  leaves. 
  The 
  larvae 
  hatch 
  

   on 
  the 
  fifteenth 
  day. 
  The 
  pupa 
  hibernates 
  either 
  in 
  the 
  soil 
  or 
  be- 
  

   tween 
  the 
  leaf-sheaths." 
  

  

  *H. 
  Low, 
  in 
  the 
  Zeitschrift 
  d. 
  Entom. 
  d. 
  schles. 
  Ver., 
  1858. 
  <» 
  

  

  t 
  TJntersuchungen 
  ueber 
  d. 
  ikeae 
  Getreidegallmiicke, 
  Fulda, 
  1861. 
  

  

  J 
  "Synopsis 
  Cecidomyidarum 
  " 
  in 
  Verhandl. 
  zool.-bot. 
  Ges. 
  Wien, 
  1870, 
  p. 
  73. 
  

  

  