1866.] WOOD — SECTION AT LITCHAM. 85 



South-eastwards, in the direction of JN'orwich and the Yare Yalley, 

 the Lower Drift, or at least the npper or contorted part of it, passes 

 into a fine brickearth, which exhibits no evidence of anything like 

 terrestrial conditions ; but westwards and south westwards, it rapidly 

 assumes the condition of chalky loam, often very finely stratified or 

 laminated. In both directions it attenuates to less than a tenth of 

 the thickness which it possesses on the coast, and, in both, passes 

 under the thick formation of the Middle-Drift sand, appearing only 

 where the valleys cut down to it. 



Proceeding in the direction of Litcham, we lose sight of it alto- 

 gether under the Middle Drift, that formation also eventually dis- 

 appearing in this direction under the Upper Drift, or wide-spread 

 Boulder-clay. 



On encountering the Lower Drift, in its form of chalky loam, 

 again at Litcham town, we find that the Middle Drift has disap- 

 peared in the interval, the Upper Drift resting directly on the lami- 

 nated loam, as is the case also towards Weasenham and SwafFham, 

 although a small tongue of it runs in again immediately on the 

 south of Litcham. Eig. 1 shows the manner in which the Lower 

 Drift recurs at Litcham town. 



Fig. 1 . — Section of Litcham Hill. 



S, N". 



Litcham kiln. Clay-pit Moor. 



a. Chalk, h. Laminated chalky loam, forming the inland attenuated prolonga- 

 tion of the Contorted Drift of the Cromer Coast (6 feet exposed under d). 

 c. Upper Drift (Boulder-clay), d. Coarse Postglacial gravel, 5 feet. 



Now the condition of the Chalk over which this attenuated 

 representative of the thick beds of the Cromer Coast occurs, is 

 one of much interest, as it seems to afford clear indications of the 

 passage over it of a glacier, and to connect itself with the phe- 

 nomena of the transported chalk-masses of the coast. 



I should premise that over much of Norfolk, under the Drift-beds, 

 and even, in some degree, under the Pluvio-marine Crag itself, the 

 chalk presents an appearance quite dissimilar to that exhibited by 

 it in the south of England (where it was protected during the 

 Glacial period by its covering of Lower Tertiaries), and for some 15 

 or 20 feet from its surface is in the impure condition which gives rise 

 to the local term of " Marl " given to it in Norfolk. This condition 

 seems to indicate that a churning up of the surface of the chalk has 

 been effected by some action which permitted it again to subside 

 without any considerable intermixture of foreign ingredients ; and it 

 is very dissimilar to anything we know to result, or can by geological 

 phenomena gather to have resulted, from water-action. Now not 



