PEOCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



[Jan. 9, 



tlie lower ground between Erith and Crayford, and constitutes an 

 unbroken mass, which has been worked in many places. The two sec- 

 tions I have chosen for this paper are from its southern end near Cray- 

 ford and its northern at Erith, and afford a fair example of the rest. 

 The first (fig. 3) is that of the northern side of Stoneham's pit, half a 

 mile to the north of Crayford, and marked Brickfields on the map. 

 Erom it were obtained the wonderful collections of fossil mammals in 

 the possession of Dr. SpurreU and Mr. Grantham. On the west side 

 the Brick-earths abut directly on the Thanet Sand, which must have 

 constituted the banks of the river in which the deposits were found. 

 At the bottom of the pit is a thick bed (Ko. 1) of red and grey 

 loam with concretions of carbonate of lime, on which rests an 

 irregular layer of pebbles (No. 2) for the most part black and of 

 Eocene age, with greywether pebbles and subangular flints derived 

 directly from the chalk. No. 3 consists of a sandy-grey and 

 reddish Brick- earth, the thinning away of which causes the layer of 

 gravel above (No. 4), containing shells and mammalian remains, to 

 coalesce with No. 2. No. 4 is composed of subangular and Eocene 

 flints ; it contains calcareous concretions, and is in places ferruginous. 

 On its top is the principal mammalian bed in the pit (No. 5), con- 

 sisting of loamy chocolate-coloured Brick-earth, full of calcareous con- 

 cretions and shells. Above this is 8 feet of fine stratified sands 

 (No. 6), with an abundance of the usual freshwater shells. Eesting 

 unconformably on this is an irregular reddish-sandy contorted stratum 

 (No. 7), full of large flints, both angular and waterworn, and of 

 quartz pebbles. The confusion of its bedding is a remarkable surface- 

 contrast to the horizontality of the beds below. Above this is the 

 son (No. 8). 



— Section at Stonehamh Pit, Crayford. 



Surface-soil, from 1 to 2 feet. 



Irregular bed of reddish sand, with flints and quartz pebbles, 4 feet. 



Fine stratified sands, 8 feet 



Loamy chocolate-coloured brick-earth, 5 feet. 



Gravel, from 1 in. to 2 feet. 



Sandy grey and reddish brick-earth, 2 feet 6 inches. 



Irregular layer of pebbles, from 1 to 2 feet. 



s^\ ' Eed and grey loam, 10 feet. 



Thanet Sand. 



Chalk, 



In this section also the threefold condition of the beds, indicative 



