214 PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [Apr. 3, 



instance on record of the occurrence of the tichorhine species in 

 Southern Europe ; and it seems to have been the hardiest member 

 of the genus, fitted to inhabit the country of the Reindeer, Bison, 

 and Musk Sheep rather than the warmer climates of Southern 

 Europe and Asia. 



The labours of Pallas *,Cuviert, and Professors Brandt:}: and Owen §, 

 have made the tichorhine the most familiar of the fossil Bhinoceroses ; 

 while the vast accumulation of organic remains in Wokey Hole 

 Hysena-den.enabled me in 1863 || to define its dentition as compared 

 with that of the three other species. 



2. R. megarhinus. — Out of the confusion in which the non-ti- 

 chorhine remains were involved throughout the Continent, M. de 

 Christol in 1835 ^ rescued the Rhinoceros megarhinus, or great slen- 

 der-limbed Ehinoceros with largely developed nasals, which Baron 

 Cuvier had considered identical with the R. leptorhinus of the Yal 

 d'Arno. The perfect skuU found in a marine sand of Pliocene age 

 near Montpellier, and figured by the founder of the species, proves 

 that it was not furnished with any trace of a " cloison " or bony 

 partition between the nostrils. The numerous bones and teeth in 

 the British Museum from the river-deposits of Gray's Thurrock ia 

 Essex enabled me in 1865 ** to determine the occurrence of the 

 species in the lower part of the Thames valley ; while a fine upper 

 premolar in the collection of the Bev. J. Gunn, E.G.S., obtained 

 at Cromer, proves that it inhabited the Eastern Counties while 

 the Preglacial forest-bed was being formed. On the Continent its 

 remains have been found : — in the Italian peninsula in vast abun- 

 dance in the Yal d'Arno ; in Erance, in the departments of Mont- 

 pellier, Herault, and Gardtt; and in Germany, near Wiirtemberg, 

 where Professor Jager:|: J describes it under the name of R. Kirchher- 

 gensis. Thus the animal ranged through Germany and the east of 

 England into Erance, and at least as far south as the Yal d'Arno, 

 its furthest northern range being the parallel of IS'orfolk. In the 

 fact that it lived in the climate of Italy, while the Alps formed the 

 southern limit of the tichorhine species, coupled with the range of 

 the latter into the high northern latitudes, we may infer that it was 

 specially adapted to the temperate zones of Europe. The mega- 

 rhine species, indeed, probably bore the same geographical relation 

 to the tichorhine as the Bed deer does to the Beindeer. Of the two, 

 the former was the older, and coexisted in Italy with the Pliocene 

 Mastodon Arvernensis, in Erance with Mastodon hrevirostris and 



has found B. tichorhinus in the high-level flaviatile beds at Eome, associated 

 with flint implements of the ordinary palaeolithic tjpes, and remains of Mega- 

 ceros, Cervus elajphus, Hycsna s;pel(Ba, and Ursus sjpelceus, and many other species. 

 (Correspondance de Kome, No. 455, 4 Mai, 1867.) 

 * Nov. Comment. Petrop. tom. xiii. t Oss. Foss. torn. ii. pt. 1. 1825, 



X Mem. Acad. St. Peters. 6® ser. tom. vii. 

 § British Fossil Mammals, 1846. 



II Nat. Hist. Eev. 1863, xii. p. 525. ^ Ann. de Sc. Nat. 1835. 



*» Nat. Hist. Eev. 1865, xix. p. 339. 

 ft Gervais, Paleont. Fran9. second edit. p. 91. 



XX Ueber die fossilen Saugethiere vrelche in Wiirtemberg aufgefunden worden 

 Bind. Stuttgard, 1835. Folio, p. 179. 



