METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS. 139 



and close to the primary bow. In these small lower bows, the colors 

 are in the same order as in the primary, the red being uppermost, orange 

 and yellow blended, and the green or faint blue the lowest and just per- 

 ceptible. 



April 17. Aurora borealis rose over the north at 8:30 p. m. ; brilliant 

 pillars or columns rose towards zenith ; about 9 p. m. an arch rose from 

 the upper part of the luminous halo and extended from southeast to 

 northwest, thirty degrees about north of the zenith ; at 9:30 and a 

 little south of the place where the arch disappeared, were moving bands 

 of aurora, lying north and south parallel to the magnetic meridian, quite 

 across the canopy from northwest to southeast, first cloudy short masses, 

 then longer parallel bows, all moving towards the zenith, and disap- 

 pearing a Httle south of the zenith. 



The month has been warm and dry, and farming operations very easy 

 and pleasant. 



Sabbath, May 20. Highest temperature of the month, at 2 p. m., 80° ; 

 and at 4 p. M. a violent thunder shower began south and west, and 

 extending north and moving eastward. Just after 4, lightning, rain 

 and'?riad were upon us, and soon hail in abundance, large stones, egg- 

 shape, pear-shape, oval or oblong, and with longer diameter two inches, 

 globular, all solid ice, or with snow in the centre or on one side of the 

 centre, or sometimes with a fine solid crystal of ice in the centre, sur- 

 rounded with lamellar and irregular formed ice. Beginning at or south 

 of Mt. Hope, where the storm swept over the nurseries it expended its 

 force on the east side of the Genesee, dashing to ruins the glass of con- 

 servatories and the windows on the south side of houses, and fine 

 gardens, presenting a scene of desolation a mile long and half as wide. 

 Never had I seen such ruin of buildings and glass, and of rich and 

 promising plants ; and I am Compelled to say that my words can give no 

 adequate conception of the desolation. And now in the autumn, 

 what a change the summer has effected ; how great the growth and 

 beauty and richness of the vegetation now filling the grounds, and 

 giving abundant promise for the products of another year. 



On the last Sabbath in August, 1841, a similar hail storm and tornado 

 passed over much the same surface. 



Some frost on the 23d and 24th ; not much injury done. 



Mat 29. Hay ten dollars a ton. 



June. The month had about the average temperature. The 6th 

 gave a severe hail storm in Penfield, destroying wheat and grass for a 



