﻿Field and Forest 



A MONTHLY JOURNAL 



DEVOTED TO THE NATURAL SCIENCES. 



Vol. II.— APRIL, 1877.— No. 10. 



On Plant Galls. 



( Translated by Win. IT. Seaman.) 



The following abstract of an article on the above subject, by M. W. 

 Beyerinck, in the January number of the Botanische Zeitung, may 

 assist in the study of these objects. 



In 1674 Marcello Malpighi of the London Royal Society, published 

 his work " De Anatome Plantarum," containing a more original and 

 valuable treatise on galls than any that has since appeared. Reaumur 

 alone beside has treated of galls in general " Memoires pour servir 

 a Vhistoire des insects, Ed. Paris, 1737, Mem. XII." Numerous con- 

 tributions to our knowledge have been made by Lacaze Duthiers, 

 Annates des Sciences Naturelles, Botamque, 1853, Dr. A. W. F. 

 Thomas in Giebels Zeitschrift, 1869, and Botanische Zeitung, 1872 ; 

 while their biology has been discussed by the entomologists, Co- 

 quebert, Olivier, Frisch, de Geer, Swammerdam, Roesel, Bremi, 

 Giraud, Perris, Frauenfeld, G. Mayr and others. Hammerschmidt 

 " Ocsterreichische Zeitschrift fur Landewirth, &c, 1838. Frauenfeld, 

 Sitzungsberichtc der kaiseriichen Acad, der wissenchaften zu IVicn, 

 1833, and Dr. C. Czech, "Arrangement of Plant Galls" in pro- 

 gramme of the Realschule, Dusseldorf, 1858, according to their in- 

 habitants, are the most important attempts at classification of these 

 objects. 



As complete an examination of the literature of the subject as pos- 



