﻿FIELD ANT i FOREST, 1 ( > 7 



internodes, ( 1 1 ,) as Psylla buxi on Buxus sempervirens. Box like mal- 

 formation, Chcrmcs viridis, Ktz. on Picea excelsa. One sided ball 

 galls. 



(B. ) Distortion of leaves as in A, with teratological changes of the 

 supporting axis. (6.) 



Group II. Galls of centripetal development. The axis of growth 

 increases in a direction corresponding to the axis of inhabitant. Na- 

 tive, we have only Pachypappa vesicalis on Populus nigra. 



Family II Pliytoptus galls parallel to the preceding family. The 

 characters are less. doubtful and inconstant. 



Group I Simple galls whose morphological value is that of tricomes. 



Scries I Distortions of leaves from their normal plane. I have 

 found seventeen kinds on thirty-six plants, none of them monocotyle- 

 dons. 



Scries II. The lamina of the leaves remain in its normal plane. The 

 Erineums and Phyllcriums belong here as well as the Cephaloncon and 

 Ceratoneon of Bremi, &c. The number cannot yet be accurately 

 known. Fee in 1834 described seventy Erineums. I have catalogued 

 on Tilia six, on Acer seven, on Alnus four, on Prunus four, on Sa- 

 lix five, on Carpinus three, on Ulmus two, on Juglans one, on ^Escu- 

 li/s one, on Fagus one or two. On soft wooded plants they are 

 rarely found, perhaps on account of deficient shelter in winter. Pliy- 

 toptus is known on Fragaria, Salvia and Tcucrium. 



Group II Collective galls. 



Series I. Galls on buds. Ordinarily the axis enlarges and the dis- 

 tinctive forms of leaves, scales and stipules are obliterated, ten or 

 eleven various cases are known to me. 



Series II Abnormal green coloration by Pliytoptus. Formerly 

 considered as teratological modification {Mouquin Tandon, Pflan- 

 zen Teratologic) The extra floral branching of Torilis anthriscus is 

 very striking. About fourteen of these interesting forms are known 

 to me. But one affects Monocotyledons, viz., on Bromus mollis and 

 B. e rectus. 



Order II Interior galls. In the previous order the gall makers 

 only bite through the epidermis, but in this they enter and propagate 

 in the parenchymal tissues. 



Family I. Some Pliytoptus galls. Flax seed like protuberances on 

 the leaves of Pomaccce (JSorauer, Handbuch der Pflanzeu krankheiten, 



