CONTENTS 



PAGE 



Preface v^n 



The Camayura 1 



The Upper Xingii Basin and its people 1 



The region 1 



The people 3 



The Camayura at Jacarei Camp and at 



Tuatuari 8 



The village (Iretdm) 13 



The house (hok) 13 



General observations 15 



Agriculture 17 



Manioc (temiiQ 18 



Processing 21 



Sweetpotatoes (yetik) 22 



Maize (hawatsi) 22 



Fruits 23 



Cotton (amanayu) 24 



TJrucu 24 



Tobacco (petim) 24 



Fishing (pirarehg) 25 



Hunting 29 



Manufacture 30 



The bow and arrow 30 



The canoe 32 



Twine 33 



Hammock weaving 34 



Seats 34 



Mortar and pestle 34 



Gourd vessels 35 



The sieve 35 



Basketry 35 



Pottery 35 



Combs 36 



The uluri (tamehdp) 36 



The scraper 37 



The technology of the Camayura 37 



The preparation of food 38 



Organization of labor 40 



Ownership and inheritance 40 



Trade 41 



Social organization 43 



Kinship terminology 43 



Marriage regulations 44 



Extended family and house group 45 



The family 46 



The tribe 49 



Religous beliefs and ceremonies 52 



Origin myths 52 



PAGE 



The Camayura — Continued 



Religious beliefs and ceremonies — Continued 



The mama' 6 53 



Rituals 54 



Ritual dances 56 



The jakui 57 



Ceremonial dress 58 



Shamanism 59 



The life cycle 61 



Birth {imemuruat) 61 



The care of children 62 



Puberty seclusion (akipewdt) 65 



Marriage (apitahdk) 66 



Burial (omond) 67 



The Bacairi 69 



Economy 70 



Shelter 70 



Equipment 70 



Ornaments 70 



Subsistence activities 71 



Organization of labor 72 



Social organization 73 



• The life cycle 73 



Birth (erasilli) 73 



Puberty rites 74 



Marriage (todohokuinle) 74 



Burial (epiodile) 74 



Shamanism 74 



Games 75 



Ceremonialism 75 



Origin myths 77 



The Nambicuara 82 



The people and their habitat 82 



Economy 87 



Settlements and shelters 87 



Hunting, fishing, and collecting 88 



Agriculture 90 



Manufacturing 92 



Ornamentation 95 



Social organization 96 



Religious beliefs and practices 99 



The life cycle 102 



Birth 102 



Puberty 103 



Marriage 104 



Burial 104 



The Umotina 106 



The people and their habitat 106 



hi 



