AND AYES OF NORTH AMERICA. 



1 22-1 



The peculiarities of this vertebra indicate most strikingly the generic distinctness of this great reptile from the 

 Hadrosaurus. It is true it presents some similarity in form to the terminal caudals of that genus, and If it. oould be 

 referred to that portion of the series, would indicate merely another and larger species of Badrosaurus. It differs in 

 form from these vertebrae, in its depressed instead of compressed form, and its lateral angulation. That it belongs to a 

 more anterior position in the (ml is evident from the very large size of the basis of the neural spine, and general 

 greater development of the neural arch and zygapophyses, and the trace of diapophysis. Further, it is over four times 

 the size of the terminal caudals of H, foulkei, while the remaining elements do not indicate any such extraordinary 

 dimensions. A position a little behind the middle of the series would relate well to the other proportions. 



A. worn bone, found with the metatarsus, has the proportions of sonic of the dermal bones of certain Dinosauria. 

 Us large size is appropriate to the present species. Its base is flat and with rounded outlines, and does not exhibit 

 any superficial dense layer; the texture of the interior bone is rather dense. The mass of the bone rises as a short 

 thick eone fumed abruptly to one side, the middle and apex strongly compressed, so much sot, hat. the section presents 

 an acute angle on that side to which the apex curves. The bone is not, entirely symmetrical, one side near the poste- 

 rior keel being more ooncave than the Other. The structure of the bone is rather dense. Its exact position is some- 

 what, uncertain. 



Diameter at base, 8 



Greatest height (apex broken), 2.5 



This is another of those remarkable forms which the reptilian type developed in past 

 ages. That it was herbivorous, and relied less on its tail for support than Hadrosaurus, 

 appears probable. Large coprolites of the character of those of herbivorous animals ac- 

 companied the bones. They resemble somewhat (hose of the hog; oik- has a diameter of 

 inches one way, and inches the other; extremity broad, obtuse. The probable 

 form of the ungueal phalanges, points also to the same habit. The proprietor of the pit 

 told the writer that he had more than once seen large "hoofs" and " wide toe-joints" taken 

 out during the excavation. 



This species is different from (lie Ornithol.arsns immanis, Cope, and belongs to a 

 different genus. The shaft of the tibia in the latter is tilled with cancellous tissue; in the 

 present animal it is entirely hollow. 



From the marl pits of James King. 



J • 



BADROSAURUS, Leidy. 

 HADROSAURUS TRIPOS, Cope. 



At, a point, about fen miles distant from the marl pit in which the Hypsibema was found, Prof. Kerr discovered a. 

 caudal vertebra of a, colossal reptile, whose affinities are evidently near to (lie Hadrosaurus foulkei. 



This vertebra, is one of the distal, as evidenced by Hie entire absence of any trace of diapophysis, and ils subquad- 

 rate longitudinal section, as well as by the small size of the neural arch and spine. At first sight if would appear to 

 occupy a. position between the thirtieth and thirty-sixth of the stales; the former in II. foulkei has, however, rudiments 

 of a, diapophysis. Both ils articular faces are distinctly biconcave. The large size of the chevron articular face is as 

 in the thirtieth, and the concavity of its lateral faces as in Hie twenty-sixth; in the thirty-sixth Hie sides are entirely 



plane, 'flic round form of the neural .anal, as well as kick of diapophyses, are points of resemblance to Hie thirty 

 sixth, but. it. is more than twice a.s long as that vertebra, in the II. foulkei. In the thirtieth Hie neural canal is some- 

 what, depressed and becomes more so as we advance towards Hie proximal pari, of the series. The small anlero-posicrior 



extent of the neural arch Is much as in the thirtieth in II. foulkei, but the basis of the neural spine, which is broken 



off in I, his, as well as Hie old species, is much more slight. It, is so very thin and weak as to indicate either a compar- 

 atively sliglrl development of the spine, or a very posterior position in Hie series. A weak lateral ridge marks the 



