406 



SMELTING PROCESSES 



lines across a broad sheet, while the vertical lines re; present more or less the advance of 

 the substance either from simple to complex (synthetical — cduct to ore) or complex to 

 simple (analytical — ore to educt). This is the principle involved in this order of arrange- 

 ment, but we shall see that it is but partially realized in fact. 



Tins tree commences by describing in two long lines the kinds of ore brought 

 to the lead process, which it makes the inception of all other processes.* 



A long horizontal line is made to extend over the several products which result from 

 this lead process, viz.: Lead slag — Raw lead — Lead Matt — Lead Speiss — Furnace ends — 

 Furnace fume — Dust. 



The Lead Matt is here considered the important product, and an arrow from this, 

 points downward to the next horizontal line, which includes six products, and takes up as 

 much space as the one above for the lead process. This second line cuts off any direct 

 connection between any other of the seven products of the lead process, and the processes 

 by winch it is further treated. As this is repeated about twelve times, it will be apparent 

 that the relations of these substances and processes to, and their dependence upon each 

 other, far from being revealed, are effectually concealed ; different substances which belong 

 to the same process being so scattered over the whole sheet as to make a comprehensive 

 view of that process impossible, and the fact that the same substance under different cir- 

 cumstances is treated differently, being only conveyed to the mind by two or three lines 

 of text under the name of the substance. 



Thus there are eleven products which, according to Lorenz, arc treated in the Lead 

 Matt Process, but those eleven names arc; so scattered on the sheet from the first line to 

 the last, and from the right to the left, that it woidd be as easy to see at a glance the 

 philological relations to each other of the words in a Worcester's Dictionary as those; of 

 these products. 



It has been remarked that Lorcnz's plan permits one to follow the processes syntheti- 

 cally, but this is the case only so far as it permits one to follow the main line from the 

 educt or product through a principal product which has been used in each process up to 

 the ore in which the cduct or product was originally contained. What other materials 

 have assisted in the process, and whether any other process may not have given the same 

 product, you are not able to discover. For instance-, if it is required to trace the course 

 of raw lead from any particular process, it must be known beforehand where the previous 

 product comes from. To know this, you must know Iioav that product is found, and so on 

 to the end. In other words, you must know exactly what you want to find out. It is 



* It should bo remarked that this other system (loos not protend to deal with the auxiliary operations, such as 

 sulphuric acid manufacture, zinc production, &c. 



