SYNOPSIS OF THE CYPRTNID/E OF PENNSYLVANIA. 



3G7 



This is a stout species with a deep, compressed caudal peduncle, and large scales, of 

 which an equal portion is exposed on the anterior and posterior parts of the body; number 

 6 — 40 — 4. The lateral line originates in a lino with the superior margin of the operculum. 

 Dorsal outline straight to above the nares, then the steep slope of the muzzle; the view of 

 the orbit coincides with the plane of the vertex and is its own diameter above the horizontal 



line from the inferior posterior angle of the operculum. The eye is nearly equidistant between the end of the. 

 muzzle and the posterior margin of the operculum, giving it a physiognomy markedly different from that of the 

 S. corporalis and rhotheus, and connected with an elongate parallelogramic form of the preopercular bone, D. I. 8. 

 P. 15. V. 8. A. 7. G. 19. The bead enters three and three-fourths times into the length to the origin of the 

 caudal. 



The general tint of this fish is brownish cream-colored, shaded with slate above the lateral line, where the scales 

 are tipped and margined with the same. A dark postopereular crescent ; operculum golden, with slate shades. 



» 



This fish abounds in all the streams in the State, except those emptying into the Dela- 

 ware, in which I have never seen it. It is called the horned chub, from the numerous 

 spinous tubercles which cover the vertex and muzzle in the breeding season ; the nose of 

 the males becomes at this time very much enlarged and convex, reminding one of the 

 form of the profile of the Antelope saega, or of the Abyssinian sheep. In its move- 

 ments there is but little activity, and it prefers pools and rock-shaded holes between the 

 rapids of our mountain creeks. It is especially numerous in the streams tributary to 

 the Ohio and the Lakes. It is not usually used as bait, as the fry only occur in the 

 smaller streams, and the adult are of too large size. 



CERATICHTHYS DISSIMILIS, Kirtland, 



Leuciscus disdmilis, Kirtl., Journ. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. Ceraticlithys, Cope, Proceed. 

 Phila. Acad., 1864, 277. 



The smallest and most slender species of the genus, near the form of 

 Gobio uranoscopus of Europe. Eye margining the frontal plane, entering 

 three and one-fifth times into length of head, and about one-quarter greater 

 than interorbital breadth. 



Length of head four and three-fifths times to concavity of caudal. Pectorals falcate, not reaching vcntrals ; 

 latter falling short of vent. Anal with short base ; front and inferior outlines equal. Caudal deeply furcate, with 

 acute lobes. Upper outline of dorsal very oblique, longer than anterior. End of muzzle projecting beyond pre- 

 maxillary border; end of maxillary beyond half way to edge of orbit. Scales 6—49—9, with 8 and 9 strong radii 

 on the exposed surface. Greatest depth five and two-thirds times into length to notch of caudal. Hays D. I. 8. 

 G. 20. A. 7. V. 8. 



