SYNOPSIS OP THE CYPRINID./E OF PENNSYLVANIA. 



395 





trenchant division of the Cyprinidse into the Phalacrognathi and Chilognathi, as has been 

 proposed by Blecker, exists in nature. Cochlognathus, Bd., Grd., which has also tren- 

 chant lips, is most allied to Hybopsis. 



A species identical with Chondrostoma in dentition and other characters, is Leuciscus 

 gardoneus, C. V., from South Carolina. Not having examined the splanchnology, I am 

 unable to assign it definitely to that genus. 



The description appended was taken from the types of Cuv. Val., in Paris* 



Species of this genus bear a strong analogical resemblance to such Ceratichthyes as C. 

 biguttatus, in the small superior eye and decurved front, and especially during the breed- 

 ing season, when the muzzle of the males is similarly swollen, and with the front and 

 vertex ornamented with series of corneous tubercles. 



The pharyngeal bones are characterized by the length of the superior limb ; teeth 

 straight. 



The following is a synopsis of species known to the author : 



Scales of lateral line 49 — 57. 



Front elevated, diameter of eye near four times in depth of head ; head 4.5 in length to caudal emargination ; 

 fins with median black band. End muzzle to origin dorsal longer than from latter to base of caudal ; lip complete 

 round mandible. CALLII-TERYX. 



Front plane, eye 2.5 in depth head ; head 4.5 to 5 in length as above; eye 5.25 in head in adult; 3-5 in young 

 of 3 in. End muzzle to first dorsal shorter than from latter to origin caudal. Lip not complete round mandible. 



DUBIUM. 



Front not elevated ; eye 4.5 in head of young of 3 in.; head 5 in length as above; form of Semotilus. 



QOBIONINUM. 



Eye 5 times in head of young at 2.5 in. long; head, muzzle elongate decurved, 4.5 in length to notch of 

 caudal. MORMYRUS. 



Of the above species Campostoma callipteryx was taken in the Flint Iliver, Michigan 

 (Proc. Acad., 1 864, 284), and C. mormyrus and gobioninum from waters flowing into Lake 

 St. Clair. 



The C. anomalum, Agass. (Rutilus anomalus, Raf.), is stated by Prof. Agassiz to possess 

 the dental formula 1.4 — 4.1 ; I have not yet met with it. He also states that the Exoghs- 



* Chondrostoma gardoneum, m. c. Cuv. Val., from South Carolina, 13osc. 



Sp. w. smaller eye, large scales, short obtuse nose. Isthmus very small. Mouth small, edges of jaws cutting, 

 the under received into the upper, canthus opposite middle of narial concavity, direction a little descending; no 

 barbels. Teeth 5 — 5 w. broadish masticatory surface, two superior a little hooked, and stand on an upward and 

 backward projecting crest of the bone. Ventral opposite or a little in front of dorsal, 8 r. Anal 1 — 9, C. 19, 

 D. 1—10. 



Scales 7 — 39 — 3. Eye four times in head, one and four-fifths in frontal breadth. Head five and one-half in 

 total length, and one and one-half in height. Yellowish greenish-black, apparently a weak vertical streak on 

 anal fin. Acute scale behind ventral. 



