ON SOME NEW SPECIES OF AMERICAN AND AFRICAN FISHES. 405 



frontal width. Dorsal fin longer than high, spine very weak. Pectoral spine striate dis- 

 tally, flexible, strongly serrate on inner margin. Anal laid backwards, reaches line of 

 adipose. Caudal deeply emarginate, lobes narrowly rounded, one-eighth total length. 

 Operculum and occipital region radiate grooved. 



Above blackish, below silvery, a light shade across middle of dorsal fin. 



This species differs from its ally, P. motaguensis, of Guatemala, in its smaller eye, much 

 deeper body, and slight differences in the radial formula. 



From Orizava, Mexico. Prof. F. Sumichrast, Mus. Academy, Smithsonian. 



Engraulis duodecim, sp. NOV. 



This fish was taken at Beesley's Point, New Jersey, by our late fellow member, Samuel 

 Ashmcad, and by him presented to the Academy. It differs from both the E. vittatus and 

 E. brownii in having the dorsal fin entirely anterior to the anterior ray of the long and 

 deeply concave anal, and in the serration of its belly. 



Scales with twelve transverse undulate grooves, large, in eight longitudinal, and thirty- 

 four transverse rows. Greatest depth in front of dorsal, one-fourth length to base of cau- 

 dal • length of head three and two-thirds in same. Middle pupil marking less than one- 

 third distance from end muzzle to end maxillary ; eye 4.5 in head. Pectorals reaching 

 ventrals, r. 12; ventrals not attaining vent, r. 7; anal 1.27; caudal deeply forked. Total 

 length 3.87 inches; end muzzle to base dorsal (straight) 1.625 inches; rays of latter 1.12, 

 the anterior five times the height of the posterior. 



Iridescent silvery, dorsal region pale brownish (in spirits) . 



ENTEROMIUS I'OTAMOGALIS, Cope, GEN. ET SP. NOV. 



Char, gen. That of Labeobarbus, with the peculiarity of short alimentary canal, equal 

 the length of the head and body, and of articulated second dorsal ray instead of a spinous 

 one. Pharyngeal teeth with very shallow concavities. 



This genus therefore combines general features of Gobio with the dentition of Labeo- 

 barbus. 



Char, specif. Form compressed and gibbous. Inferior limb of pharyngeal bones two- 

 thirds length of superior, a slight external angle; teeth 2.3.5—5.3.2, the inferior of the 

 longer row very small and conic. Padii D. I. 9. C. +19+. A. II. 6. V. I. 8. P. 15. First 

 long dorsal ray weak as the last, and not a spine, hence counted with the branched rays. 

 Ventrals not attaining vent, but reached by the acuminate pectorals. Orbit four times in 

 head, diameter less than length of muzzle, latter rather broad. Outline steeply descending 



