99 
enlarged (especially in herbivorous animals), the more the three 
outer cusps of upper molars constituting the original cutting edge 
are pushed aside. Further it has been considered as a disad- 
vantage that the cusps are indicated by numerals and not by names; 
but the numerals have the advantage of being purely topographical 
without implying any statement of the theoretical cusp-phylogeny, 
So that they may be used even by those who do not adopt Winge's 
views. A nomenclature satisfying those claims would readily become 
too long and inconvenient.") — For the sake of convenience I give 
å parallel between Osborn's names in their ordinary application and 
Winge's indications: 
Upper jaw Lower jaw 
Osborn Winge Osborn Winge 
Protocone 6 Protoconid 4 
Paracone 4 Paraconid i 
Metacone 5 Metaconid 2 
Hypocone i: Hypoconid 5 
Parastyle 1 Entoconid 3 
Mesostyle 2 Hypoconulid (Accessory cusp). 
Metastyle $ 
In the present paper Winge's terms will be used. 
Construction of upper carnassial tooth. 
In three different orders of the mammals we meet with that 
development of one or more upper cheek-teeth which we indicate 
as Carnassial (carnassiére, Raub- or Reisszahn): in Marsupialia 
polyprotodonta ( Sarcophilus, Thylacinus), Creodonta (Carnivora pri- 
mitiva Winge), especially Pterodon and Hyænodon, and Carnivora 
VERS msne esse ere SUND 4 
1) If a nomenelature were demanded, I would propose the term mastos 
(Macro) for a cusp — conus and cuspis being anticipated by others —, 
the outer row being named ect is (anterior, median and posterior €.), 
the middle row mesomasts (anterior and posterior m.), the inner row 
entomasts (anterior and posterior €.). The cusps ef the lower teeth 
might be distinguished as -mastid (ekto- and entomastid) — or, 
Corresponding to the numerals, proto-, deutero-, trito-, tetarto- 
"…… Mast(id). ; 
V ag 
