ing, or by making cuttings of the new shoots at the same 



Plate 159. Campanula medium, two-thirds of the 

 Plates 159-161. natural size. The purple, the white, and the rose forms are 

 shown. Fig. 1 is a section through the flower ; 2, a seedling ; and 3, the 

 seed, natural size and enlarged. 



Plate 160. G. pyramidalis. Fig. 1 is a section through the 

 unopened bud showing first position of stamens. When the flower 

 opens they have discharged their pollen around the style and fallen 

 back as shown in Fig. 2. After the pollen has been carried away by 

 insects the upper part of style separates into four or five arms — the 



Plate 161. C. persicifolia. The white and blue forms, with 

 (Fig. 1) a section of the flower. 



Natural Order LoBELiACE^. Genus Lobelia 



Lobelia (named in honour of Mathias de L'Obel, a Flemish botanist and 

 physician, 1538-1616). A genus consisting of about two hundred species 

 of perennial herbs. The flowers are in terminal racemes, and consist of 

 a somewhat oval calyx divided at the mouth into five lobes ; an irregular 

 corolla, the tube split at the back and the mouth two-lipped, of which the 

 lower consists of three pendulous lobes, and the upper of two slender lobes 

 that are either erect or curved back. There are five stamens united to form 

 a tube round the thread-like style, which has two broad-spreading stigmas, 

 below which is a ring of hairs. The ovary is two- or three-celled. The 

 species are distributed throughout all but the very cold regions of the 

 globe. Two are natives of Britain. 



^^^ Lobelias have been cultivated in this country ever 



^ since 1626, when the showy Cardinal Flower (Z. cardinalis) 

 was introduced from North America, whence also came L. syphilitica 

 about thirty years later. Two species — L. Dortmanna and L. urens — 

 are indigenous to this country but very rare, and of local occurrence 

 only. Many of the species abound in an acrid milky juice, and in 

 consequence L. cardinalis, L. syphilitica, and X. n;/a^/— especially tlie 

 latter— have been used in medicine as diaphoretics and anti-spasmodics ; 

 but the remedy is an exceedingly dangerous one, only to be administered 

 by properly qualified practitioners. Although there are many species 



