CALCEOLARIAS 423 



lobes, these again often cut pinnately. Flowers violet or lilac, spotted 

 with purple ; middle segment of the upper lip yellowish spotted with 

 purple or violet ; June to September. Plate 203a. 



S. RETUSUS (indented). Stem 2 feet high. Leaves pinnate, the 

 lobes narrow, coarsely toothed. Flowers chiefly rosy, middle segment 

 of upper lip orange ; June to September. Plate 203b. 



cultivation. ^^® directions given for the culture of Salpiglossis apply 



also to Schizanfhu.9, except that ;S'. pinnatus is quite hardy 

 and may be sown out of doors in March. The others are half-hardy, and 

 must be raised in gentle heat or sown later. They make admirable pot- 

 plants for spring-flowering in the greenhouse. For this purpose they are 

 sown in August, and the young plants wintered in a cool-house. They 

 should be early potted singly and grown on with several shifts, until 

 Anally they are placed in seven- or eight-inch pots of rich soil, in which 

 they bloom freely in March. 



Description of Butterfly Flowers. A. Schizanfhus 2niinutas: Fig. 1, 



Plate 203. section of flower. B. Schizanfhus retusus: Fig. 2, section 

 of flower. 



CALCEOLARIAS 



Natural Order Scrophularinej^. Genus Calceolaria 



Calceolaria (Latin, calceolas, a little shoe, in reference to form of flower, 

 but it appears probable that Linnajus shot two birds with one stone when 

 he erected this genus, and also intended the name to honour F. Calceolari, 

 an Italian botanist of the sixteenth century). A genus of shrubs, sub- 

 shrubs, and herbs, with usually opposite leaves, occasionally in whorls of 

 threes, or alternate. The most striking character is afforded by the 

 corolla, which has a short tube, but this is hidden by the two lips of the 

 limb. The upper lip is small, but the lower is large, concave, and 

 greatly swollen in slipper-shape. In one species, C.jovellana, however, 

 the lips are nearly equal in size. The perfect stamens are two only, and 

 the capsule is two-celled. The species are South American, but the rancre 

 of two extends to New Zealand. ^ 



History. '^^^ ^^'^^ Calceolaria introduced to English gardens 



appeare to have been C. p In n a fa from Peru ( 1773), followed 

 tive years later by C. FothergUlil from the Falkland Isles. Most of the 

 species were mtroduced after 1820, the year 1822 being marked by the 

 arrival of C. corymhosa and C. rugosa from Chili, and of C. scahiosmfolia 

 from Peni. In 1826 C. plantaginea and C piuyurea came from Chili. 



