IRISES 549 
divided into two sections: Ist, Irises proper, with rhizomes; 2nd, Spanish 
Irises, or Xiphions, with bulbous roots. They will be so separated below. 
Section I. IRISES PROPER: 
TRIS BIFLORA (twice-flowering). Leaves sword-shaped, 
somewhat glaucous. Flowers violet-purple; sepals egg- 
shaped, with yellow beard; twice flowering, spring and autumn. Intro- 
duced from Portugal, 1596. 
I. FLORENTINA (native of Florence). Leaves few, glaucous, sword- 
shaped, tufted. Flowers fragrant; sepals white, tinged with lavender, 
the claw veined with green and brown, beard bright yellow; petals 
white; May; 2 to 3 feet high. Native of South and Central Europe. 
The scented rhizome is known in pharmacy as Orris-root = Iris-root. 
I. F@TIDISSIMA (most feetid). Stinking Gladdon or Gladwyn. 
Leaves firm, sword-shaped.. Flowers variable in colour and form, but 
normally 3 inches across, with blue-purple sepals and yellow petals and 
stigmas; May to July. Scape leafy, 1 or 2 feet. Native of Britain. 
I. GERMANICA (German). Common Iris (of gardens). Leaves few, 
tufted, sword-shaped, glaucous. Flowers fragrant, sepals bright 
purple, claw white, brown-veined, beard bright yellow; petals deep lilac; 
four or five flowers in a cluster; May. Scape 2 or 3 feet high; 
glaucous. Native of South and Central Europe. 
I, GRAMINEA (grass-like). Leaves very slender, about four or five 
in a tuft, much longer than the scapes. Flowers slightly fragrant, sepals 
dull yellow, claw white, purple- -veined; stigmas lilac-purple; petals 
purple; two or three flowers in a cluster ; May. Scape about 9 inches 
high. Native of Central and South Europe. 
I. IBERICA (Iberian). Leaves few, slender, sickle-shaped, sada 
tufted. Flowers solitary ; sepals lilac-purple, closely veined with purple- 
brown ; petals satiny white or lilac; summer. Scape 3 to 6 inches high. 
Native of the Caucasus. 
I. L&VIGATA (smooth). Japanese Iris. Leaves thin, narrow, sword- 
shaped, pale. Flowers in single clusters, opening one at a time, purple ; 
sepals with bright yellow blotch at the throat; June. Stem firm and 
solid, 1} to 2 feet high. Native of Siberia and Japan. Also known as 
I. Kempferi. 
I. Lorrerit (Lortet’s). Leaves few, sword-shaped. Flowers solitary, 
very large; sepals creamy yellow, heavily spotted with crimson; petals pale 
rose, delicately veined with violet; very beautiful ; May. Native of Lebanon. 
I. NEGLECTA (neglected). Leaves sword-shaped, slightly glaucous, 
purple at the base, 12 to 15 inches long. Sepals pure white, with many 
IV.—14 
Principal Species. 
