608 FLOWERS OF GARDEN AND GREENHOUSE 
progeny that no man can accurately number. Most of the late-flowering 
sorts found in our gardens are in some close fashion related to 7. 
gesneriana, whilst the very early Van Thol’s and others are similarly 
descended from 7’. suaveolens, a native of the Crimea, which reached us 
from Southern Europe about 1603. In 1636 we received T. clusiana, 
Clusius’, or the Lady Tulip, also from South Europe. Many have been 
introduced since then, but very few have found their place in horti- 
culture. Of those that have received the florist’s care, 7. oculus-solis was 
introduced in 1816 from the South of Europe, and from the same part 
of the Continent came 7. precox in 1825. T. pubescens appeared about 
a year earlier; but no one knows whence it came, and it is suspected of 
originating in a garden, as the result of a cross between T. gesneriana 
and 7. suaveolens; from it, in turn, have come such favourite varieties 
as Pottebakker and the Bride of Haarlem. The showy T. Greigi was 
introduced only in 1873, from Turkestan, and in the following year came 
T. Eichleri, from Georgia, in Asia Minor; but many hybrids and 
varieties of these have been produced in our gardens, though not so 
many as might be inferred on perusal of the lists of dealers, for it is 
well known that some of these are catalogued under several different 
names. 
Like Orchids and Hyacinths, Tulips have at times been remarkable 
for the high prices paid for new varieties. On the appearance of a new 
and striking form among flowering seedlings, growers have not hesitated 
to invest large sums of money in order to get the control of the market 
for a time, so far as that variety is concerned, just as an engineer 
will pay for the patent of an improved piece of machiner y, or as @ 
publisher may invest in a copyright. It is not many years since £100 
was offered and refused for a single bulb of Lowis XVI; but, as a rule, 
high prices in the present day are fixed, as a deterrent, by those who do 
not wish to sell. The so-called Tulipomania of the first half of the 
seventeenth century had really but a slight connection with the cultiva- 
tion and love of Tulips: it was one of the numerous forms in which the 
gambling vice breaks out at different times. To-day it concerns itself 
chiefly with the purchase and sale of stocks and shares that often have 
no real existence, and in the 1630’s men made and lost fortunes in the 
purchase and sale of bulbs that never changed hands, even if they 
actually existed. Griffins and Unicorns of the heraldic types might just 
as well have been the subjects of the “speculation.” The amateur of 
limited means may grow a pretty extensive collection of good Tulips 
without running any risk of having to place his affairs in the hands of 
the Official Receiver as a consequence. 
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