Cee anime 
’ Principal Species. 
LIVISTONA PALMS 621 
TRACHYCARPUS EXCELSA (tall). Trunk 8 to 24 feet 
high. Leaves in young specimens oblong; in older ones 
more orbicular, 14 foot across, split up into a multitude of segments 
which are spread out like fingers (digitate), and usually with two teeth. 
at the tips. The leaf-stalks are 2 to 3 feet long, finely toothed along the 
margins. Plate 290. Also known as Chamerops excelsa and C. 
Fortunei. 
T. MARTIANA (Martius’). Trunk 9 feet high, about 5 inches thick. 
Leaves fan-shaped, general outline kidney-shaped, 34 feet wide and 
2 feet long, divided into many narrow segments; the side segments 
shorter than the others, but more completely divided; leaf-stalk 14 
foot long, the margins finely but irregularly toothed. Also known as 
T. khasyana. 
Trachycarpus excelsa will resist as much as ten degrees 
of frost, and is the hardiest known Palm. In those 
Southern localities where low readings of the thermometer occasionally 
occur in winter, it should be protected—if planted out—by means of 
mats, fern, or straw, bound round the trunk. The soil should be a strong, 
rich loam, to which a little leaf-mould and sand have been added. It 
should otherwise be treated the same as directed for Chamerops. For 
pot-culture, young specimens are best. 
Description of Trachycarpus excelsa, a young plant, considerably 
Plate 290. reduced in size. The footline is printed excelsus in error. 
Cultivation. 
LIVISTONA PALMS 
Natural Order PatmMa&. Genus Livistona 
LIvIstONA (named as a roundabout kind of honour to P. Murray of 
Livingstone, near Edinburgh). A genus of about fourteen species, 
chiefly stove Palms, with terminal fan-shaped leaves divided into 
numerous segments, split at the apex, and frequently having threads 
between them. The bases of the leaf-stalks are buried in a mass of 
fibrous network. The flowers are three-parted, containing both male 
and female organs (complete), and attached to branching spikes with 
several leathery spathes. The species are natives of Eastern Tropical 
Asia, the Malay Archipelago, New Guinea, and Eastern Australia. 
These Palms are very useful to the natives of the 
countries in which they grow. The leaves are commonly 
used in the manufacture of fans, hats, umbrellas, thatch, ete. Livistona 
IV.— 32 
