622 FLOWERS OF GARDEN AND .GREENHOUSE 
chinensis (also known as L. mauritiana and Latania borbonica) was 
introduced from Southern China in 1818; it is sufficiently hardy to 
endure the winter out of doors in South Cornwall, where it attains a 
good height. J. australis, from Eastern Australia, and L. humilis, from 
Tropical Australia, were both introduced in 1824. The leaves of JL. 
jenkinsiana, introduced from Assam in 1845, furnish the material for 
the umbrella-like hats worn by the Assamese. L. Hoogendorpiw was 
introduced from the Indian Archipelago in 1874. 
LIVISTONA AUSTRALIS (southern), Trunk 80 feet 
high, swollen at the base. Leaves dark green, with 
metallic lustre, nearly round, plaited, divided at the margin into numerous 
narrow, plaited segments; leaf-stalks stout, dark brown, armed with 
black spines throughout het length. 
L. CHINENSIS (Chinese). Bourbon Palm. Trunk 50 feet high. 
- Leaves pale green, nearly circular, fan-shaped, 5 feet across, plaited; 
margins divided into numerous segments, which hang down; leaf-stalks 
4 or 5 feet long, rounded beneath, fiat above, the edges armed with 
stout spines. Plate 291 (young specimen). 
L. HUMILIS (lowly). Trunk 6 to30 feet high. Leaves nearly cies 
somewhat heart-shaped, plaited ; the margins deeply divided into sisal 
drooping segments ; leaf-stalks with numerous spiny edges. 
L. JENKINSIANA (Jenkins’). Trunk 10 feet high. Leaves fan- 
shaped, plaited, 2 to 4 feet across; margins divided into rather broad 
segments ; leaf-stalks 2 to 10 feet long, flat above, slightly keeled 
beneath, the edges armed with slightly recurved stout spines. 
am, with a little sand added, is the most suitable 
compost for these Palms. The species named make hand- 
some pot-plants when young, and in favourable situations the older 
specimens may be planted out, giving them winter protection where 
necessary. Where the thermometer has too low a range to permit of 
their being permanently planted out, they may at least be used for 
sub-tropical effects during the hotter months of the year. In potting 
them, have due regard for efficient drainage, and in summer see 
that they never want for water, which must be given liberally. 
They are propagated by means of imported seeds, which should 
sown in sandy soil, and germinated on a hot-bed or in a 
stove. : 
Description of Livistona chinensis, the Bourbon Palm. A young 
Plate 291. specimen in which the leaves have not yet attained the 
form usual in adults; young specimens are most frequently grown for 
table decoration. 
Principal Species. 
Cultivation, 
