8o NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



*ST(WES ^ Drab sandstones, many of them with a reddish tinge ; they present 

 spheroidal masses harder than the general character of the rock, and are 

 marked by extensive ferruginous stains. A few scattered pebbles of 

 quartz and jasper occur in some of the beds, which are in general thick, 

 and separated from one another by layers and partings of gray argillace- 



IRON ous and arenaceous shale. Nodules of argillaceous iron ore are con- 

 tained in some of the layers, and comminuted carbonized plants are 

 frequently seen on the divisional surfaces ; those which have been deter- 

 mined belong to the species already mentioned . . . . . gig feet 



3 Drab sandstones, inclining to reddish at the bottom and greenish at 

 the top ; with occasional scattered quartz and jasper pebbles, and large 

 spheroidal masses, as above. Ferruginous stains are frequent, and the 

 beds, usually massive, are separated by layers of gray argillo-arenaceous 

 shale, which, as well as the sandstones, sometimes contain nodules of 

 argillaceous iron ore. In the middle and lower part, there are inter- 

 stratified two conspicuous beds of claret-red, green, and dark gray 

 argillo-arenaceous shale ; in the upper one of which are two, and in the 

 lower, eight bands of a gray tough rock, much like fire clay, penetrated 

 vertically by the rootlets of Psilophyton 428 feet 



4 Drab sandstones, inclining to green ; some of which contain quartz 

 and jasper pebbles ; many parts have large hard spheroidal masses, as 

 before. The beds are in general very thick, and they are separated'by 

 layers of gray argillaceous shale, from which large argillaceous masses 

 occasionally protrude into the superincumbent sandstone, some of these 

 being as much as three feet high and as broad. Comminuted carbon- 

 ized plants, similar to those already named, occur on the surfaces of the 



lower beds ------------ 2052 feet 



5 Drab sandstone, in massive beds, in only a few of which there are 

 scattered quartz and jasper pebbles. The sandstones are interstratified 

 with five conspicuous bands of claret-red, green and gray argillo-arena- 

 ceous shale, of an aggregate thickness of 140 feet - - - - ■ 443 feet 



*^r?OTvr ^ Drab strong and coarse conglomerates, in massive beds, one of them 

 ERATES156 feet thick. The pebbles of these consist of white quartz, black 

 chert, yellow, green, and blood-red jaspers, and jasper porphyry ; with 

 which are sometimes found others of feldspar and of limestone, the whole 

 enclosed in a matrix of drab-colored sandstone. In some portions of the 

 deposit, the pebbles diminish in quantity, so that the rock becomes a 

 rather fine grained sandstone, with only occasional pebbles. The car- 

 bonized comminuted remains of plants occur on the surfaces of the beds, 

 and in their oblique elementary layers or false bedding. Among the 

 organic remains of this division, fish spines or ichthyodorulites occur, 

 of the genera Onchus and Machaeracanthus; one of them, the M. s u 1- 

 catus of Newberry -.---.-.-- 856 feet 

 '^^SAND- 7 -^^"^ sandstones, sometimes slightly calcareous, with green stripes 

 STONES and spots, many of the beds massive ; associated with occasional drab 

 sandstones, and with two thin bands of conglomerate, holding pebbles 

 of quartz, jasper, and limestone. All of these are interstratified with 

 red argillaceous and arenaceous shales, spotted and striped with green. 

 In many cases, the sandstones exhibit on their under surfaces, highly 

 relieved casts of shrinkage cracks and of raindrops, and on the upper 

 surfaces ripple marks. The shales are sometimes penetrated by branch- 

 ing plants, in vertical, oblique, and prostrate attitudes ; while one or two 

 beds have fibrous rootlike impressions, probably of Psilophyton, running 

 across them at right angles -.- - - - - - - - 1 151 feet 



