16 THE DEVONIAN AND CARBONIFEROUS. [bull. 80. 



waters shallowed they were more disturbed, and the resulting rocks 

 were less crystalline and more earthy ; and, lastly, the earthy limestones 

 as a result of exposure of the rocks to erosion by withdrawal of the 



waters. 



Another point conspicuous in his theory is that regarding the actual 

 position of the rocks as indicative of the age when they were formed. 

 In describing each of these formation series we find the following sen- 

 tence, " with sinking levels of the outgoings of the newer and newer 



strata. " 



The following exhibits Jameson's idea of the classification, which is 

 apparently an amplification of the scheme taught by Werner. 



CLASSES OF ROCKS. 



Class I. Primitive Rocks. — Urgebirge of Werner; Terrains primitifs 

 of Daubuisson. 



Those formed antecedent to that of the creation of organic beings. 

 Chemical formation, no fossils, under the Fioetz or Transition. 



The rocks of this class are — 



1. Granite, with syenite, protogene topaz rock. 



2. Gneiss, and varieties of white stone. 



3. Mica slate, and varieties of talc slate. 



4. Clay slate, Thonschiefer, with alum slate, flinty slate, etc. 



5. Granular limestone, and primitive gypsum. 



6. Primitive trap. 



7. Serpentine and euphotide. 



8. Porphyry. 



9. Quartz rock. 



Class II. Transition Bocks. — Ueberganggebirge of Werner. 

 Contains fossils, is less crystalline than the Primitive, and interposed 

 between the Primitive and Secondary. 

 The rocks are — 



1. Grauwacke, Werner; Psammite of Brongniart. 



2. Transition limestone. 



3. Granite and porphyry. 



4. Gneiss, mica slate, etc. 



5. Serpentine, 



6. Quartz rock. 



7. Red sandstone. 



8. Transition trap. 



9. Gypsum. 



Class III. Secondary or Fioetz rocks.— Floetzgebirge of Werner; 

 Secondary or Fioetz rock of Jameson ; Terrain secondaire of Daubuis- 

 son. It rests on Transition or Primitive, is less crystalline, has many 

 fossils. 



The principal Secondary rocks are — 



1. Sandstone. 



2. Limestone. 



3. Gypsum. 



4. Trap rock. 



