WIU.TAMfl] OWEN. 139 



The bituminous coal formation of Indiaua is correlated with the coal 

 fields of lower Missouri, northwestern Kentucky, and Ohio, thus : l 



INDIANA. OHIO. 



Oolitic limestone (of Troost) = "Conglomerate" of Locke. 



The soft freestone of the Knobs = Waverly sandstone rock, which caps the 



hills bordering on the Scioto Valley, 

 Ohio. 

 The black slate at the base of the Knobs = The shale stratum in " the base of the 



hills capped with sandstone, bordering 

 on the Scioto Valley." 

 Arenaceous and argillaceous limestone, = Cliff rocks, 

 forming falls and cliffs in Madison 

 County, on the Ohio River, and on the 

 Upper Wabash, etc. 



Blue fossiliferous limestone = Blue fossiliferous limestone. 



The whole of the series above described, from the bottom of the coal formation 

 downward, that is, the Snbcarbouiferous group, has received the name of "Galenif- 

 erous limestone " from some geologists, because it has yielded in a few of the West- 

 ern States an abundant supply of galena. 



The next contribution Owen made was his report on the mineral lands 

 of the United States, which first appeared as a Presidential message to 

 the House of Representatives in 1840. 2 



As we glance over the introduction to this document we find that 

 Owen regarded all the stratified rocks, from the Coal Measures down- 

 ward, including the "Blue Fossiliferous limestone" (Cincinnati lime- 

 stone), as belonging to the Mountain limestone of the English geolo- 

 gists. For the States of Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky, and Tennessee this 

 Mountain limestone was represented by him under the following sub- 

 divisions : 3 



Pentremital limestone, light-colored limestone, sometimes oolitic. 



Fine-grained sandstone in Knobs. 



Black bituminous shale. 



Thick beds of yellowish limestone, Cliff limestone of the West. 



Blue fossiliferous shell limestone in thin beds with marlite. 



Of these the Cliff limestone was dominant in Iowa and Wisconsin, 

 and the other members were absent or greatly diminished, as in the 

 case of the Blue limestone, so that in Iowa and Wisconsin the follow- 

 ing subdivisions were observed : 4 



Pentremital limestone. 

 Cliff limestone. 

 Blue limestone. 



1 Geol. Surv. Ind., 2d Report, pp. 39-45. 



2 " Mineral Lands of the United States. Message from the President of the United States in reply to 

 a resolution of the House of Representatives, February 6, 1840. House of Representatives, Execu- 

 tive Document No. 239, Twenty-sixth Congress, first session." 



Report on a geological exploration of part of Iowa, Wisconsin, and Illinois, made under instructions 

 from the Secretary of the Treasury of the United States, in the autumn of the year 1839, by D.D. 

 Owen, M. D., principal agent to explore the mineral lands of the United States, pp. 9-160. 



3 Ibid., diagram 4, op. p. 14. 

 *Ibid., diagram 5. 



