176 THE DEVONIAN AND CARBONIFEROUS. [hull. 80. 



In 1851 Charles Whittlesey 1 gave an exhibit of the strata in New York, 

 Obio, and Kentucky, reckoning from the Conglomerate downward to 

 the " Cliff limestone:" 



New Yokk (after Hall). Chautauqua County. 



Classified by fossils, 



1. Old Red sandstone, very thin. 



2. Chemung group, 1,200 to 1,500 feet. 



3. Portage group, 1,000 feet. 



4. Genesee slate, 23 to 150 feet.* 



5. Tully limestone. 



6. Hamilton group. 



7. Marcellus shale. 



8. Corniferous limestone. 



9. Onondaga limestone. 



Ohio. Chagrin Falls, 18 miles east of Cleveland. 



Classified by external characters. 

 Conglomerate. 



1. Ash-colored shale, 110 feet. 



2. Thick bedded argillaceous sandstone, 13 feet. 



3. Black shale, 13 feet. 



4. Grindstone grit, 38 feet. 2 



5. Fine-grained sandstone, thin and thick bedded ("Waverly"), with red, blue, and 



green shales interstratified — flags and ripple marks— strips of ironstone and iron 

 rust with fossils. Lower part — "black slate" of Ohio Reports: thickness to 

 Cliff limestone probably 400 feet. (This embraces 3, 4, 5, (5, and 7 of the New 

 York column.) 



6. Cliff limestone. 



Kentucky. Falls of Ohio, by Dr. Yandell and Shumard. 

 Arranged by fossils. 



1. Carboniferous limestone (Mammoth Cave). 



2. Button Mould Knobs. 



3. Bituminous black slate, 104 feet j in Tennessee (Owen and Shumard), 8 to 51 feet. 



4. Eucrinital beds, 8 feet. 



5. Water-lime beds, 12 feet. 



6. Shell beds, 16 feet. 



7. Coralline beds 3 (upper and lower), 40 feet. 



8. Catenipora beds, = " Niagara." 



9. Pentamerus beds, " Blue limestone," " Clinton," " Carodoc." 



According to Hall in the New York Reports, No. 5 of the Ohio sec- 

 tion is the equivalent of the Chemung, Portage, Hamilton, and Mar- 

 cellus. The author suggested the name "Protean group 17 * for rocks in 



1 Whittlesey, Charles. On the equivalency of the rocks of northeastern Ohio, and the Portage, Che- 

 mung, and Hamilton rocks of New York. Am. Assoc, Proo., vol. 5, 1851, pp. 207-221. 



a No. 4 is seen at Euclid, Newburg, Independence, etc. 



* 7. M. Verneuil placed the division point separating the Silurian and Devonian between the upper 

 and lower Coralline beds. (See Ibid., p. 215.) 



4 The name "Protean group " had been already used by L. Vanuxem for a series of rocks at the base 

 of the Upper Silurian in New York in 1838. (See New York Geological Survey, second Ann. Kept., 

 p. 285.) This was afterward restricted to the Saliferous group and the name abandoned. Fourth 

 Ann. Kept., pp. 53 and 374, and Final Report on Geology, Third district, pp. 79 and 90. The name 

 "Protean member " was afterward proposed by J. M. Safford for the lower part of the Siliceous group 

 of Tennessee. (See ante, p. 165.) 



