williamb. [ HAYDEN. 205 



whitish, gray, and yellowish limestones; of dolomites, and yellow and 

 gray sandstones. 



A section of the Dyas taken at Nebraska City is given. 



The fossils collected were determined by Mr. Geiuitz, of Dresden, 

 Saxony. Many of them are said to be identical with species found in 

 Europe in the Zechstein or Magnesian limestone, as Serpidaplanor bites, 

 Schizodus Rossicus, Allorisma elegans, etc., and the new species are very 

 nearly allied to Dyassic species of Saxony, Russia, and England. The 

 author speaks also of Carboniferous species, the Brachiopods espe 

 cially, which pass into the Dyas. 



F. Y. Hayden, in a paper on the Geology of Kansas, reviewing- 

 Swallow's Preliminary Report of the Geological Survey of Kansas, 1 

 objects to Swallow's statement that " the lower Permian strata rests 

 unconformably upon the upper Coal Measures." He questions the 

 accuracy of Swallow's determination of species, in the paper of 1858, 

 and he states that Mr. Swallow has identified fossils coming from a 

 single stratum as equivalent to species of the Carboniferous, Permian, 

 Trias, and Lias, and holds that the community of genuine Carbonifer- 

 ous fossils with those of Permian type indicates that no break, such as 

 unconformity would presume, occurs. 



Hayden remarks further that in the few cases of Permian types 

 occurring down in the genuine Coal Measures in Kansas "they appear 

 in particular layers similar to the Permian rocks in composition, and 

 alternating with the other beds containing only carboniferous fossils, 

 much like Barrande's 'Colonies' in the Silurian rocks of Bohemia." 

 He remarks upon the claims to discovery of the Permian in Kansas, 

 and defends Meek, whose announcement of the fact was first mentioned 

 in the records of the Smithsonian Institution, the date being January 

 19, 1858. 



Again Mr. Swallow, remarking on Meek's notes on the Geology of 

 Kansas, 2 goes at some length to show that he first discovered and 

 published as a conclusion the fact that certain rocks were Permian, 

 and makes much point of the fact that Meek claimed only that the 

 fossils sent by Major Hawn "indicated the existence of Permian 

 rocks," and it is stated that at the Baltimore meeting Meek "still 

 doubted whether there really is any Permian system." 



This caution on the part of Mr. Meek shows that he saw the true 

 state of the discovery, and maintained that the presence of certain 

 fossils of Permian type did not indicate certainly that there was a rep- 

 resentative of the Permian system in Kansas and Nebraska, while 

 Swallow had no doubt that the fossils must indicate the presence of 

 the system. The fact is conspicuous that during this discussion Mr. 

 Meek speaks almost every time of " rocks containing fossils of Per- 

 mian type," or words to that effect, rather than "Permian rocks," 



i Am. Jour. ScL, 1867, 2d ser., vol. 44, pp. 32-40. 

 * Trans. Acad. ScL, St. Louis, vol. 2, pp. 507. 



