JO LOWER PENINSULA. 



rock arc superimposed, bringing the total thickness of this sand- 

 rock deposit to 30 or 35 feet. West of Flat Rock Point, the cliffs 

 arc interrupted, and at the base of the massive ledges, thin- 

 bedded, more finely grained, sandy flagstones, partly of red, partly of 

 greenish color, come to the surface. Some distance further on, at 

 the mouth of a small creek, lower beds of a micaceous greenish 

 sand rock, rich in calcareous cement, and partly conglomeratic, 

 barely emerge from the water, and in seams are very fossilife- 

 rous. The fossils are Nucula Hubbardi, Solen quadrangularis, 

 Goniatites Marshallensis, Orthoceras, Rhynchonella, Productus, and 

 other forms identical with those found in the sandstones of Mar- 

 shall. Toward the mouth of Pinegog River, west of the creek, the 

 rocks disappear, but Hat Point, 3 miles from that spot, is again 

 formed of rock cliffs, 15 or 18 feet high, composed of the same 

 coarse-grained sand rock as the cliffs of Flat Rock Point. One of 

 the rock masses forms a small island in the shape of an inverted 

 cone, resting on a slender base, and expanded above into a dis- 

 coid platform overgrown with trees. This, bearing a general 

 resemblance to a hat, gave the point its name. At the foot 

 of the cliffs, the greenish, micaceous sand-rock ledges come 

 out, but show no fossils. The cliffs of Hat Point recede some 

 distance from the shore in a southeast direction, forming the mar- 

 gin of a terrace ; westward, bluffs of drift sand take their place ; 

 only at intervals does the sand rock show itself on the surface, in 

 small, circumscribed spots — as, for instance, on the roadside near 

 Mr. Smalley's farm-house. On Mr. Klump's farm, southeast of 

 Oak Point, the sand rock is covered by fossiliferous limestone 

 ledges, which represent the basal part of the next higher group of 

 rocks. South of Port Crescent, on the branches of Pinegog River, 

 the water frequently flows over denuded ledges of a sand rock, 

 and through this whole district only a thin coating of drift, rarely 

 more than 20 feet in thickness, is spread over the rock, which re- 

 sembles the finer-grained beds below the cliffs of Flat Rock, but con- 

 tains no fossils in the localities examined by me. Further south, 

 toward Badaxe and Verona, the drift is much deeper, and the rock 

 beds are not within reach by well-excavations of ordinary depth. 

 Very large metamorphic boulders are strewn over the surface of 

 some fields, but the soil of this vicinity is generally good. 

 - On the east side of Port Austin, we find the cliffs of Point of 



