WAVERLY GROUP. 93 



surface, and no large sand-rock deposit was met with in the whole 

 interval. 



In the boring at Coldwater, brine was struck at 282 feet below 

 the surface. At Constantine, in St. Joseph County, a drill-hole 

 was sunk to a depth of 680 feet below the surface, the boring re- 

 cord of which reads: 



Drift 93 ft. 



Blue calcareous sand rock 30 *' 



Blue shales, with red seams 160 " 



Gray sandstone lOO " 



Strong brine. 



Hard silicious rock 5 " 



Evolution of inflammable gas. 



Blue shales 85 " 



Hard silicious rock 10 " 



Softer rock 10 " 



Black shales, readily combustible 160 " 



Total 680 ft. 



From the upper series of the strata a stream of mineral water 

 rises to the surface, which is used for medicinal purposes, a bathing 

 institution having been established at the spot. 



At Niles, a boring was made to the depth of 600 feet, but no 

 accurate record was kept. Mr. Finley, a gentleman who was con- 

 nected with the enterprise, gave me from memory the following 



data : 



Drift 70 ft. 



Sandstones thinly laminated and of variable 



hardness, about 300 " 



Issue of strong salt brine. 



Dark shales about 250 " 



Evolution of much hydro-carburetted gas. 



Of several other deep borings made in the southwest part of 

 the peninsula, I could not learn the particulars. The boring made 

 in the State Prison at Michigan City has already been mentioned. 



Borings in the western central portion of the peninsula, at Grand 

 Rapids and vicinity, described in Prof. Winchell's report of i86r, 

 need no repetition here. In all of them the Waverly group is 

 found to be the repository of the brine. The borings never were 



