262 THE CAMBRIAN. [bull. 81 



ziaua. In the sandstone at the summit of Little Bell Island, 20 feel 

 above a band of sandstone carrying IAngula t billingsiana and an elon- 

 gate, narrow species of Lingulella, a long slender Hyolithes ? and a broac 

 species of Hyolithes occur. In the dark argillaceous shales beneatl 

 2/. ? billingsiana occurs in great numbers. 



The conglomerate (No. 1 of the section) was traced, just north of th< 

 outcrop of the gneiss, a mile to the west of Manuel's Brook, and th< 

 shales and limestone of No. 2 were seen in a number of sections, rest- 

 ing directly upon it. On the brook the stratigraphic succession is un- 

 broken up to the summit of No. 8, and the strata are conformable an< 

 undisturbed with the exception of the dip of 12° to the north. 



The ManuePs Brook section is the only one known to me on tin 

 North American continent where the typical Oleuellus and Paradoxid* 

 faunas occur in an unbroken stratigraphic section. The Olenellus 

 fauna is well developed and typical, and the same is true of the Pari 

 doxides fauna. 



As shown on the Avalon Peninsula the early Cambrian Sea transgressec 

 across all the pre Cambrian rocks, including the Aspidella slates and Sig- 

 nal Hill sandstone and the great series of altered slates and sandstones 

 and, subjacent to them, the Laurentian gneisses. This unconformity is 

 of a similar type to that between the Algonkian formations of the Lak( 

 Superior and Adirondack regions and the Upper Cambrian sandstone. 

 In each, three groups of rocks have been deposited and subsequently 

 elevated by an orographic movement and eroded before the depositioi 

 of the Cambrian sediments. The relations of the Cambrian and pre 

 Cambrian rocks are all well shown upon the geological map of tin 

 peninsula of Avalon, Newfoundland, 1881, prepared by Mr. James P. 

 Howley. 



NOVA SCOTIA. 



It is very probable that the Cambrian group is represented in tl 

 gold-bearing slates of the Nova Scotia section, but as yet the only 

 means of correlation is the supposed stratigraphic position. The prin- 

 cipal details and arguments for including this series in the Cambrian 

 have already been given under the historical review. (Ante, pp. 56-59.) 

 It may be that they represent in large part a pre Cambrian, Algonkian 

 group equivalent to the St. John slates of Newfoundland. 



NEW BRUNSWICK AND CAPE BRETON. 



Our present knowledge of the Cambrian geology of the area under 

 consideration is obtained from the reports of the Geological Survey of 

 Canada, and the numerous papers on the geology and paleontology of 

 southern New Brunswick by Mr. G. F. Matthew. 



In the report of the Geological Survey of Canada for 1870-'71, a de- 

 tailed description is given of the geographic distribution of the St. 

 John group (pp. 134-143); and other details are added in the report 

 for 1878-'79 (pp. 6D-8D). From these reports and the map accompany- 



i 



