36 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



Mr. MacLeay's fanciful cUvision of the whole of the Coleoptera 

 into five groups, founded entirely on the characters of the 

 larvae, Dr. Horsfield applied the same principles to a portion 

 of the Lepidoptera, thus at the very threshold of the inquiry 

 seeming to abandon the design of his chosen guide. Not- 

 withstanding this discrepancy the merit of Dr. Horsfield's 

 quinary division of butterflies cannot be disputed, since it is 

 in many respects truly natural. 1 give it in his own words. 



" First. A larva of a linear-oblong form, attennated at both 

 ends, depressed or cylindrico-convex, of a sluggish appear- 

 ance, with short and scarcely perceptible feet, distinctly 

 marked above with transverse strioe. A pupa nearly smooth, 

 or with comparatively few protuberances, very obtuse at the 

 anterior extremity, attached by the abdomen, braced, ver- 

 tically suspended wnth the head upwards or tending forwards 

 in a horizontal direction. Representing the Vermiform 

 Ametabola." [Erycinidae and Lyca3nidae of Doubleday's 

 List.] 



" Secondly. A larva of a cylindrical form, generally swelled 

 or thickened at the fourth or fifth section of the body, 

 attenuated towards the head and posterior extremity ; in the 

 typical genera naked, or covered with short, obtuse, fleshy 

 protuberances ; in the extreme genera, at the boundary of»the 

 neighbouring groups, covered with a close silky down, or 

 with short scattered hair, most remarkably distinguished by 

 a furcula or forked tentaculum, situated between the head 

 and neck, which may be drawn back or thrust forward at 

 pleasure. Pupa angulated and mostly tuberculated ; in the 

 typical genera, and in those at the confines of the first group, 

 attached by the posterior extremity, braced and vertically 

 suspended with the head upwards; in the genera approaching 

 the third stirps, perpendicularly suspended according to the 

 habits of that stirps. Representing the Chipogna])iform or 

 J uliform Ametabola." [Papilionida?, Rhodoceridau and Pieridae 

 ol Doubleday's List.] 



^' Thirdly. A cylindrical larva, strikingly characterized by 

 its terrific or threatening aspect, being covered with sliarp, 

 rigid, erect processes, often of great length, but diversified in 

 the different subdivisions, arranged in regular longitudinal 

 lines along the body of the larva, and beset with numerous 

 diverging spines disposed in a verticillate manner. The 

 attitude of tlie pupa is the reverse of that of the typical forms 



