264 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



Dr. Knaggs, in his ' Lepidoplerist's Guide,' condemns both. 

 When such learned and eminent authorities so differ, what is 

 a humble member of the " profanum vulgus," like myself, to 

 think or do ? — E. MacDowel Cosgrave ; Reading Rooms, 

 Truiily College, Dublin. 



Gall of Ammophila arundinacea.—The galls on Ammo- 

 phila aruudinacea, Host. (Psomma arenaria, L.), found by 

 Mr. Traill, near Aberdeen (as noticed in 'Entomologist,' 

 vol. V. p. 189), are not made by a gall-fly, as is supposed by 

 Mr. Moncreaff" (Entom. 240), but by Eurytoma longipenuis 

 of Walker, a species of Chalcidite. The same galls were 

 discovered in our country by n\y brother John Ritsema, in 

 1868, on the downs, near Landvoort, in Noord-Holland, and 

 have produced the above-mentioned insect, which, however, 

 is not a parasite. You will find the life-history of this species 

 in the 'Archives Neerlandaises des Sciences exactes,' vol. v., 

 1870; and some remarks on the same subject appear in 

 ' Nederlandsch Tydschrift voor Entomologie,' 2nd series, 

 vol. vi. 1871, in the 'Proceedings' of the Scientific Meeting 

 of 5th November, 1870. — C. Ritsema, Cz. ; Netherlands, 

 Leiden, Mare, 642, February 15, 1871. 



S. dealbata in Hertfordshire. — In your excellent work on 

 ' British Moths' you say that S. dealbata is very common in 

 one or two localities in Kent, but is unknown elsewhere in 

 England. 1 believe it has hitherto been found nowhere else 

 but in Kent, and I was, on this account, surprised to come 

 across a single specimen whilst collecting on Berkhampstead 

 Common, in July, 1869. I cannot be mistaken as to its 

 identity, having seen many specimens of this insect, and 

 conipared mine with them. — C. L. Raynor ; Bordyke House, 

 Tonb ridge, February 16, 1871. 



Variation in Butterflies, Deilephila Galii. — With refer- 

 ence to your correspondent's remarks respecting Epine))hele 

 Hyperanthus, I beg to state that 1 possess specimens of the 

 insect with the rings distinctly on the upper surface, which 

 specimens I shall be glad to send for your inspection if you 

 desire it. 1 have also a specimen of Pieris Brassica3, male, 

 with a trace of black on the upper surface of one of the fore 

 wings, *in the position occupied by the circular black spot on 

 the under surface. 1 notice, in the last number of ' 13ritish 

 Butterflies,' that you do not give Yorkshire as a locality for 



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