TAXOCRINIDAE 39 1 



Upon the mere statement of diagnostic characters the species does not appear so very- 

 different from T. ramulosus of the Upper Burlington, but with the specimens or the figures 

 for comparison they could never be confounded. The massiveness of the calyx compared 

 with the smallness and rapid tapering of the free arms, and the almost even curvature of the 

 calyx wall without depression at the interbrachial areas, are entirely characteristic ; while the 

 peculiar reduction in width of the right posterior radial caused by the large size of the pos- 

 terior basal and the low lateral position of the first anal plate is unusual among Carboniferous 

 species, suggesting a migration of the radianal from the primitive position among the more 

 ancient forms. 



Types. The first publication of the name of the species, with a complete description and 

 figures of specimens, was in the Proceedings of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural 

 Science in 1888, although a description, with a figure of another specimen, had been previ- 

 ously prepared by the same authors for volume 8 of the Reports of the Geological Survey of 

 Illinois. The Illinois Report did not appear until 1890. Therefore the types of the species 

 are the specimens figured in 1888, viz., the originals of figures 1, 2 and 3 of Plate LIII herein, 

 which are in the author's collection ; as are also those of figures 5 and 6. The fine speci- 

 men figured in the Illinois Report, and refigured here (fig. 4), is in the Walker Museum, 

 University of Chicago. 



Horizon and locality. Base of the Lower Carboniferous, Kinderhook group ; Legrand, 

 Marshall County, Iowa. 



Taxocrinus pustulosus n. sp. 



Plate LIV, figs. 19-20 

 I have figured under this name a strongly ornamented species occurring at 

 various localities in the Knobstone of Kentucky and Indiana, of which only the 

 arms and detached fragments have as yet been found; the calyx is entirely 

 wanting. It is a large species, with heavy, deeply rounded arms tapering slowly 

 for four or five bifurcations, somewhat similar to T. ornatus of the Lower Bur- 

 lington; but it is distinguished by having the surface throughout covered with 

 sharp, closely placed pustules, instead of wrinkles on the arms as in the Burling- 

 ton species. A number of fragmentary specimens have been found showing 

 the characters of the arms, and the ornamentation is very prominent and 

 constant 



Types. Author's collection. 



Horizon and locality. Lower Carboniferous, New Providence shales of the Knobstone 

 Group ; near Henryville and other localities in Clark County, Indiana ; Button Mould Knob. 

 Kentucky. 



