﻿486 
  Forty-seventh 
  Report 
  on 
  the 
  State 
  Museum, 
  

  

  stereogramic 
  map. 
  The 
  stereographic 
  lines 
  of 
  which 
  this 
  map 
  is 
  

   constructed, 
  define 
  profiles 
  drawn 
  at 
  such 
  frequent 
  intervals 
  that 
  

   with 
  some 
  additional 
  shading 
  they 
  give 
  a 
  pictorial 
  effect. 
  

  

  The 
  western 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  county 
  is 
  occupied 
  by 
  the 
  southern 
  

   portion 
  of 
  the 
  Catskill 
  mountains, 
  which 
  cover 
  about 
  half 
  

   of 
  its 
  area. 
  From 
  the 
  foot 
  of 
  the 
  Catskill 
  mountains 
  there 
  

   is 
  a 
  region 
  of 
  high 
  plateaus 
  which 
  extend 
  eastward 
  for 
  some 
  

   distance 
  and 
  terminate 
  in 
  a 
  steep 
  descent 
  to 
  a 
  valley 
  occupied 
  in 
  

   greater 
  part 
  by 
  portions 
  of 
  the 
  Kondout 
  and 
  Esopus 
  creeks. 
  

   East 
  of 
  this 
  valley 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  series 
  of 
  ridges 
  of 
  greater 
  or 
  less 
  

   height 
  which 
  expand 
  and 
  rise 
  into 
  the 
  Shawangunk* 
  mountain 
  

   southward. 
  These 
  ridges 
  are 
  parallel 
  to 
  the 
  Hudson 
  north 
  of 
  

   Kingston 
  and 
  separated 
  from 
  the 
  river 
  bank 
  by 
  a 
  terrace 
  of 
  

   moderate 
  height. 
  The 
  Shawangunk 
  mountain 
  extends 
  to 
  the 
  

   southward 
  across 
  the 
  southern 
  half 
  of 
  the 
  county 
  and 
  is 
  separated 
  

   from 
  the 
  Hudson 
  valley 
  by 
  the 
  wide 
  valley 
  of 
  the 
  Wallkill 
  and 
  a 
  

   series 
  of 
  narrow 
  ridges 
  extending 
  from 
  south 
  of 
  Rondout 
  to 
  west 
  

   of 
  Marlborough. 
  Between 
  these 
  ridges 
  and 
  the 
  river 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  

   high 
  undulating 
  terrace 
  which 
  terminates 
  in 
  steep 
  slopes 
  or 
  rocky 
  

   faces 
  along 
  the 
  river 
  shore. 
  

  

  The 
  Catskill 
  mountains 
  are 
  a 
  complex 
  of 
  ridges 
  becoming 
  very 
  

   high, 
  rounded 
  or 
  terraced 
  summits. 
  These 
  summits 
  are 
  separated 
  

   by 
  depressions 
  of 
  various 
  sizes 
  and 
  the 
  ridges 
  are 
  separated 
  by 
  

   deep 
  valleys, 
  of 
  which 
  many 
  head 
  in 
  relatively 
  low 
  divides. 
  

   Originally 
  the 
  region 
  was 
  a 
  plain 
  and 
  there 
  may 
  be 
  minute 
  

   remnants 
  of 
  this 
  plain 
  on 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  higher 
  summits, 
  but 
  else- 
  

   where 
  it 
  has 
  been 
  removed 
  by 
  erosion, 
  and 
  the 
  present 
  surface 
  

   of 
  the 
  region 
  consists 
  entirely 
  of 
  long, 
  steep 
  slopes. 
  

  

  The 
  greater 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  Catskill 
  mountains 
  in 
  Ulster 
  county 
  is 
  

   confined 
  to 
  the 
  southern 
  Catskills 
  or 
  Shandaken 
  ranges, 
  which 
  

   are 
  separated 
  from 
  the 
  northern 
  Catskills 
  by 
  the 
  deep, 
  wide 
  

   valley 
  of 
  Esopus 
  creek. 
  In 
  the 
  northern 
  townships 
  there 
  are 
  

   Overlook 
  and 
  Rose 
  mountains 
  and 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  lower 
  ridges 
  

   lying 
  on 
  the 
  slopes 
  of 
  the 
  northern 
  Catskills. 
  The 
  altitudes 
  of 
  

   the 
  principal 
  high 
  summits 
  are 
  given 
  in 
  the 
  following 
  table, 
  

   which 
  is 
  taken 
  from 
  Guyot's 
  memoir.f 
  

  

  * 
  The 
  pronunciation 
  of 
  this 
  Indian 
  name 
  is 
  Shongum, 
  according 
  to 
  local 
  usage, 
  

   t 
  Physical 
  structure 
  and 
  hypsometry 
  of 
  the 
  Catskill 
  mountains, 
  Am. 
  Jour.<;Sci,, 
  8d 
  series, 
  vol. 
  

   19, 
  pp. 
  429-451. 
  

  

  