﻿Report 
  of 
  twe 
  State 
  Geologist, 
  499 
  

  

  about 
  Wilbur 
  and 
  Kondout 
  and 
  along 
  the 
  crest 
  of 
  the 
  limestone 
  

   ridge 
  extending 
  from 
  Kondout 
  to 
  Saugerties. 
  

  

  Pentamerus 
  limestone. 
  — 
  This 
  member 
  is 
  a 
  hard, 
  dark 
  blue 
  or 
  

   lead 
  colored, 
  somewhat 
  cherty, 
  massively 
  -bedded 
  limestone, 
  which 
  

   gives 
  rise 
  to 
  conspicuous 
  cliffs 
  throughout 
  the 
  greater 
  part 
  of 
  its 
  

   outcrop. 
  These 
  cliffs 
  are 
  due 
  mainly 
  to 
  the 
  toughness 
  and 
  

   massiveness 
  of 
  the 
  beds 
  together 
  with 
  a 
  disposition 
  to 
  vertical 
  

   jointing, 
  and 
  the 
  presence 
  of 
  underlying 
  beds 
  of 
  much 
  softer 
  

   texture. 
  Another 
  characteristic 
  feature 
  is 
  a 
  sub-bedding 
  along 
  

   irregular 
  waving 
  lines 
  which 
  are 
  brought 
  out 
  by 
  weathering. 
  

   The 
  limestone 
  is 
  sparingly 
  f 
  ossilif 
  erous, 
  containing 
  principally 
  the 
  

   characteristic 
  Pentamerus 
  galeatus 
  which 
  was 
  seen 
  in 
  all 
  localities. 
  

  

  The 
  most 
  prominent 
  exposures 
  are 
  the 
  cliffs 
  at 
  Kosendale 
  and 
  

   northward, 
  about 
  Port 
  Jackson, 
  near 
  Eddyville 
  and 
  along 
  the 
  

   eastern 
  face 
  of 
  the 
  limestone 
  ridge 
  extending 
  from 
  Kondout 
  to 
  

   Saugerties 
  and 
  West 
  Camp. 
  These 
  cliffs 
  vary 
  in 
  height, 
  but 
  are 
  

   usually 
  continuous 
  for 
  long 
  distance. 
  Two 
  miles 
  north 
  of 
  

   Kondout 
  they 
  approach 
  to 
  within 
  a 
  few 
  yards 
  of 
  the 
  shore 
  of 
  the 
  

   Hudson 
  but 
  to 
  the 
  northward 
  they 
  trend 
  farther 
  back 
  and 
  are 
  sepa- 
  

   rated 
  from 
  the 
  river 
  banks 
  by 
  a 
  terrace 
  averaging 
  somewhat 
  over 
  

   a 
  mile 
  in 
  width. 
  In 
  the 
  widely 
  corrugated 
  region 
  about 
  Kosen- 
  

   dale, 
  Whiteport 
  and 
  the 
  Binnewater, 
  the 
  exposures 
  are 
  extensive. 
  

   Along 
  the 
  axis 
  of 
  the 
  principal 
  anticlinal 
  in 
  this 
  region, 
  the 
  beds 
  

   rise 
  in 
  high 
  ridges 
  for 
  some 
  distance. 
  

  

  The 
  thickness 
  of 
  the 
  Pentamerus 
  limestone 
  is 
  variable. 
  About 
  

   Kingston 
  and 
  northward 
  it 
  is 
  from 
  thirty 
  to 
  forty 
  feet. 
  About 
  

   Whiteport 
  the 
  same, 
  and 
  at 
  Kosendale 
  considerably 
  more, 
  attain- 
  

   ing 
  a 
  maximum 
  of 
  sixty 
  feet. 
  To 
  the 
  southwestward 
  its 
  full 
  

   thickness 
  is 
  not 
  exhibited. 
  

  

  Tentaeulite 
  limestone. 
  — 
  This 
  is 
  in 
  greater 
  part 
  a 
  thin-bedded, 
  

   dark-blue 
  limestone 
  constituting 
  the 
  basal 
  members 
  of 
  the 
  Helder- 
  

   berg 
  limestones. 
  The 
  beds 
  are 
  for 
  the 
  most 
  part 
  from 
  two 
  to 
  

   three 
  inches 
  thick 
  and 
  they 
  separate 
  along 
  smooth 
  bedding 
  

   planes. 
  The 
  formation 
  has 
  a 
  thickness 
  of 
  from 
  twenty 
  to 
  forty 
  

   feet, 
  its 
  greatest 
  development 
  being 
  in 
  the 
  vicinity 
  of 
  Kosendale 
  and 
  

   Kondout. 
  There 
  is 
  included 
  at 
  or 
  near 
  its 
  base, 
  notably 
  in 
  the 
  quar- 
  

   ries 
  near 
  Kondout, 
  a 
  dark-gray, 
  impure 
  limestone 
  containing 
  many 
  

   corals 
  and 
  representing 
  the 
  Stromatopora 
  horizon. 
  The 
  Tentaeulite 
  

   beds 
  appear 
  to 
  be 
  continuous 
  throughout, 
  but 
  they 
  are 
  usually 
  

  

  