﻿Report 
  of 
  the 
  Staie 
  Geologist. 
  507 
  

  

  railroad 
  in 
  a 
  low 
  gap 
  with 
  sloping 
  sides. 
  The 
  Esopus 
  shales 
  

   extend 
  southward 
  in 
  a 
  broad 
  belt 
  which 
  is 
  crossed 
  by 
  the 
  rail- 
  

   road 
  opposite 
  Saugerties. 
  The 
  breadth 
  of 
  this 
  belt 
  is 
  due 
  to 
  two 
  

   folds 
  of 
  which 
  the 
  anticlinal 
  pitches 
  up 
  for 
  some 
  distance 
  east 
  of 
  

   Cedar 
  Grove, 
  bringing 
  the 
  Oriskany 
  sandstone, 
  upper 
  Shaly 
  beds 
  

   and 
  Becraft 
  limestone 
  to 
  the 
  surface 
  in 
  a 
  ridge 
  of 
  some 
  promi- 
  

   nence. 
  This 
  ridge 
  is 
  crossed 
  by 
  the 
  upper 
  road 
  from 
  Saugerties 
  

   to 
  Cedar 
  Grove, 
  on 
  which 
  the 
  formations 
  are 
  well 
  exhibited. 
  The 
  

   structure 
  of 
  this 
  ridge 
  to 
  the 
  westward 
  is 
  shown 
  in 
  section 
  18, 
  

   plate 
  2. 
  On 
  the 
  section 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  small 
  synclinal 
  tongue 
  of 
  the 
  

   lower 
  beds 
  on 
  the 
  Onondaga 
  limestone 
  with 
  a 
  narrow 
  strip 
  

   of 
  the 
  Esopus 
  shales 
  in 
  a 
  valley 
  beyond. 
  This 
  synclinal 
  pitches 
  

   down 
  to 
  southward 
  and 
  the 
  limestone 
  area 
  extends 
  eastward 
  

   nearly 
  to 
  Saugerties 
  station. 
  At 
  this 
  station 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  railroad 
  

   cuts 
  near 
  by, 
  there 
  are 
  excellent 
  exposures 
  of 
  the 
  Esopus 
  shales. 
  

   They 
  are 
  black, 
  massively 
  bedded 
  and 
  have 
  very 
  distinct 
  cleavage, 
  

   nearly 
  vertical 
  to 
  the 
  bedding 
  planes. 
  Along 
  the 
  western 
  slope 
  

   of 
  the 
  ridge 
  east 
  of 
  the 
  station 
  the 
  Oriskany 
  beds 
  outcrop 
  for 
  

   some 
  distance, 
  and 
  also 
  on 
  the 
  roadside 
  about 
  a 
  mile 
  to 
  the 
  north. 
  

   They 
  are 
  hard 
  quartzites, 
  eight 
  feet 
  in 
  thickness 
  with 
  a 
  dip 
  to 
  

   the 
  west 
  of 
  fifty 
  degrees. 
  The 
  underlying 
  Shaly 
  and 
  Becraft 
  

   limestones 
  outcrop 
  almost 
  continuously 
  in 
  this 
  ridge. 
  Both 
  are 
  

   highly 
  f 
  ossilif 
  erous 
  and 
  very 
  characteristic. 
  There 
  are 
  a 
  number 
  

   of 
  sharp 
  variatious 
  in 
  strike 
  in 
  this 
  vicinity 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  abrupt 
  

   changes 
  in 
  dip. 
  The 
  lower 
  limestone 
  members 
  on 
  the 
  eastern 
  

   side 
  of 
  the 
  ridge 
  dip 
  at 
  angles 
  of 
  from 
  twenty 
  degrees 
  to 
  thirty 
  

   degrees. 
  This 
  dip, 
  which 
  increases 
  to 
  fifty 
  degrees 
  or 
  sixty 
  

   degrees 
  on 
  the 
  western 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  ridge, 
  soon 
  gives 
  place 
  to 
  

   gentler 
  dips 
  farther 
  westward. 
  Three-fourths 
  of 
  a 
  mile 
  east 
  of 
  

   Katsbaan, 
  one 
  of 
  these 
  abrupt 
  changes 
  in 
  dip 
  is 
  finely 
  exhibited 
  

   in 
  an 
  old 
  quarry 
  in 
  Becraft 
  limestone 
  at 
  the 
  road-forks. 
  

  

  On 
  the 
  road 
  from 
  Saugerties 
  northwestward, 
  a 
  quarry 
  has 
  

   recently 
  been 
  opened 
  for 
  the 
  production 
  of 
  road 
  metal. 
  It 
  is 
  in 
  the 
  

   Pentamerus 
  and 
  Tentaculite 
  beds, 
  which 
  afford 
  a 
  superior 
  

   material 
  for 
  this 
  use. 
  The 
  limestones 
  are 
  much 
  broken 
  and 
  

   fissured 
  in 
  this 
  vicinity 
  and 
  the 
  fissures 
  are 
  largely 
  filled 
  with 
  

   veins 
  of 
  calcite. 
  

  

  