﻿Report 
  of 
  the 
  State 
  Geologist. 
  511 
  

  

  sandstones 
  are 
  of 
  somewhat 
  lighter 
  tints. 
  At 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  

   Helderberg 
  limestones 
  the 
  Hudson 
  river 
  rocks 
  are 
  exposed 
  at 
  

   only 
  a 
  few 
  points. 
  The 
  localities 
  near 
  West 
  Camp 
  have 
  been 
  

   referred 
  to, 
  and 
  there 
  are 
  a 
  few 
  others 
  southwest 
  of 
  Glasco 
  but 
  

   their 
  relations 
  are 
  not 
  clearly 
  exposed. 
  

  

  Kingston 
  Region. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  Kingston 
  and 
  Rondout 
  region 
  the 
  geology 
  is 
  particularly 
  

   interesting 
  and 
  important. 
  The 
  cement 
  beds 
  are 
  extensively 
  

   mined 
  and 
  a 
  series 
  of 
  flexures 
  give 
  considerable 
  complexity 
  to 
  

   the 
  relations 
  of 
  all 
  the 
  members. 
  Prof. 
  W. 
  M. 
  Davis* 
  has 
  given 
  

   a 
  brief 
  description 
  of 
  a 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  region, 
  and 
  a 
  map 
  showing 
  

   some 
  features 
  of 
  the 
  distribution 
  of 
  the 
  formations. 
  

  

  Mr. 
  Lindsleyf 
  and 
  T. 
  N. 
  Dale 
  X 
  have 
  described 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  

   relations 
  at 
  the 
  cement 
  quarries. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  map 
  and 
  sections, 
  plate 
  3, 
  are 
  given 
  the 
  data 
  which 
  

   were 
  obtained 
  in 
  the 
  region, 
  and 
  I 
  believe 
  they 
  will 
  fully 
  illus- 
  

   trate 
  the 
  general 
  relations. 
  

  

  The 
  principal 
  features 
  are 
  the 
  flexed, 
  steeply-dipping 
  

   monoclinal 
  of 
  the 
  formations 
  from 
  the 
  Salina 
  to 
  the 
  Oriskany 
  ; 
  

   the 
  centroclinal 
  area 
  east 
  of 
  Wilbur 
  which 
  contains 
  Esopus 
  

   shales, 
  and 
  the 
  corrugated 
  folds 
  of 
  Esopus 
  shales 
  westward, 
  con- 
  

   taining 
  a 
  wide 
  area 
  of 
  gently-folded 
  Onondaga 
  limestones, 
  on 
  

   which 
  the 
  greater 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  city 
  is 
  built. 
  In 
  this 
  region 
  there 
  

   are 
  many 
  fine 
  exposures 
  of 
  all 
  the 
  members, 
  in 
  numerous 
  road, 
  

   stream 
  and 
  railroad 
  cuts, 
  quarries 
  and 
  natural 
  outcrops. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  first 
  section, 
  on 
  plated 
  are 
  represented 
  the 
  relations 
  which 
  

   prevail 
  northward 
  to 
  beyond 
  Lake 
  Katrine. 
  A 
  short 
  distance 
  

   south 
  there 
  are 
  a 
  series 
  of 
  excellent 
  exposures 
  into 
  the 
  eastern 
  

   side 
  of 
  the 
  ridge 
  along 
  an 
  old 
  tramway, 
  and 
  in 
  an 
  abandoned 
  

   quarry 
  to 
  which 
  it 
  leads. 
  The 
  quarry 
  is 
  in 
  the 
  Becraft 
  limestone 
  

   which 
  has 
  been 
  extensively 
  excavated 
  for 
  lime 
  burning. 
  It 
  is 
  in 
  

   thick 
  beds 
  dipping 
  very 
  gently 
  westward. 
  The 
  lower 
  limestone 
  

   members 
  are 
  exhibited 
  lying 
  on 
  the 
  Hudson 
  river 
  slates 
  in 
  the 
  

   railroad 
  cut 
  and 
  some 
  old 
  cement 
  openings 
  near 
  the 
  turnpike. 
  

   There 
  is 
  a 
  four 
  to 
  six 
  inch 
  bed 
  of 
  impure 
  ferruginous 
  limestone 
  

  

  *The 
  Nonconformity 
  at 
  Rondout; 
  Am. 
  Jour. 
  Science, 
  3d 
  series, 
  vol. 
  26, 
  pp. 
  389-395. 
  

   tPougnkeepsie 
  Soc. 
  Nat. 
  Science, 
  Proa, 
  vol. 
  2, 
  pp. 
  44-48. 
  

   + 
  Am. 
  Jour. 
  Science, 
  3d 
  series, 
  vol. 
  16, 
  pp. 
  293-295. 
  

  

  