﻿Report 
  of 
  the 
  State 
  Geologist. 
  513 
  

  

  Eeturning 
  to 
  the 
  eastern 
  front 
  of 
  the 
  ridge 
  the 
  cement 
  bed 
  is 
  

   exposed 
  in 
  a 
  series 
  of 
  old 
  quarries, 
  extending 
  for 
  some 
  distance 
  

   southward. 
  In 
  the 
  slopes 
  above 
  this 
  the 
  Tentaculite 
  bed 
  with 
  

   its 
  Stromatopora 
  layer 
  is 
  much 
  less 
  conspicuous 
  than 
  to 
  

   the 
  northward, 
  surmounted 
  by 
  bare 
  cliffs 
  of 
  the 
  Pentamerus 
  

   limestone. 
  

  

  The 
  relations 
  to 
  the 
  Huds- 
  n 
  river 
  shales 
  are 
  exposed 
  at 
  a 
  number 
  

   of 
  points 
  in 
  the 
  floor 
  of 
  the 
  cement 
  quarries 
  and 
  near 
  the 
  road 
  

   forks 
  northward. 
  The 
  shales 
  dip 
  steeply 
  to 
  the 
  eastward 
  and 
  

   have 
  a 
  slightly 
  irregular 
  surface. 
  This 
  relation 
  is 
  not 
  due 
  to 
  

   faulting 
  but 
  to 
  deposition 
  on 
  a 
  previously 
  upturned 
  and 
  eroded 
  

   surface, 
  as 
  shown 
  by 
  Davis 
  in 
  an 
  exposure 
  at 
  Eondout. 
  

  

  On 
  the 
  road 
  from 
  East 
  Kingston 
  across 
  the 
  ridge 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  

   bank 
  of 
  clay 
  and 
  sand 
  at 
  the 
  base, 
  and 
  then 
  continuous 
  exposure 
  

   of 
  all 
  the 
  members 
  from 
  the 
  cement 
  bed 
  to 
  the 
  Esopus 
  shales. 
  

   The 
  top 
  of 
  the 
  cement 
  bed 
  is 
  seen 
  at 
  the 
  forks 
  of 
  the 
  short 
  road 
  to 
  the 
  

   south, 
  with 
  Tentaculite 
  and 
  Pentamerus 
  limestones 
  in 
  the 
  slopes 
  

   above. 
  The 
  lower 
  Shaly 
  limestone 
  is 
  in 
  the 
  crest 
  of 
  the 
  ridge 
  or 
  

   constitutes 
  a 
  second 
  crest 
  just 
  west, 
  and 
  is 
  prominently 
  exposed 
  in 
  

   the 
  road 
  cut. 
  The 
  Becraft 
  limestone 
  is 
  well 
  exposed 
  in 
  a 
  small 
  

   quarry 
  on 
  the 
  east 
  shore 
  of 
  a 
  pond 
  which 
  lies 
  in 
  a 
  depression 
  in 
  

   the 
  upper 
  Shaly 
  members. 
  This 
  quarry 
  exhibits 
  twenty 
  feet 
  of 
  

   light-colored, 
  coarse-grained, 
  massively- 
  bedded, 
  very 
  fossiliferous 
  

   limestone, 
  but 
  the 
  thickness 
  of 
  the 
  member 
  is 
  somewhat 
  greater, 
  

   as 
  shown 
  in 
  adjoining 
  surface 
  outcrops. 
  On 
  the 
  west 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  

   pond 
  the 
  Oriskany 
  formation 
  rises 
  as 
  a 
  small 
  ridge 
  of 
  very 
  sandy 
  

   beds 
  below 
  and 
  cherty 
  limestones 
  above, 
  containing 
  layers 
  with 
  

   Oriskany 
  fossils. 
  South 
  of 
  the 
  road 
  this 
  Oriskany 
  ridge 
  coalesces 
  

   with 
  the 
  main 
  ridge 
  and 
  is 
  separated 
  from 
  the 
  Esopus 
  shales 
  by 
  a 
  

   hollow 
  which 
  extends 
  for 
  some 
  distance 
  southward. 
  The 
  Esopus 
  

   shale 
  region 
  westward 
  is 
  a 
  wide 
  belt 
  of 
  high, 
  rough, 
  irregular 
  

   ridges, 
  which 
  support 
  a 
  scanty 
  vegetation 
  and 
  present 
  an 
  almost 
  

   continuous 
  outcrop 
  of 
  brownish-gray 
  shales. 
  On 
  fresh 
  fracture 
  

   these 
  shales 
  are 
  seen 
  to 
  be 
  very 
  dark 
  gray 
  or 
  black, 
  and 
  the 
  

   original 
  bedding 
  planes 
  are 
  obscured 
  by 
  slaty 
  cleavage 
  which 
  is 
  

   everywhere 
  pronounced. 
  The 
  formation 
  is 
  traversed 
  by 
  the 
  series 
  

   of 
  flexures 
  shown 
  in 
  section 
  II, 
  on 
  plate 
  4, 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  due 
  to 
  

   these 
  that 
  its 
  area 
  is 
  so 
  wide. 
  The 
  thickness 
  is 
  difficult 
  to 
  ascer- 
  

   65 
  

  

  