﻿Report 
  of 
  the 
  State 
  Geologist. 
  523 
  

  

  The 
  eastern 
  front 
  of 
  the 
  ridge 
  consists 
  of 
  cliffs 
  of 
  Pentamerus 
  

   limestone, 
  surmounting 
  steep 
  slopes 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  underlying 
  

   formations 
  are 
  occasionally 
  seen. 
  The 
  cement 
  series 
  is 
  exposed 
  

   at 
  several 
  points, 
  but 
  it 
  consists 
  almost 
  wholly 
  of 
  the 
  waterlime 
  

   beds 
  which 
  contain 
  occasional 
  thin 
  lenses 
  of 
  cement 
  rock. 
  The 
  

   cement 
  series 
  is 
  underlaid 
  by 
  quartzites 
  which 
  begin 
  half 
  a 
  mile 
  

   south 
  of 
  Wilbur 
  and 
  gradually 
  thicken 
  to 
  eighteen 
  feet 
  in 
  a 
  couple 
  

   of 
  miles. 
  Davis 
  suggested 
  that 
  they 
  are 
  the 
  Oneida 
  or 
  Shawan- 
  

   gunk 
  grit, 
  but, 
  as 
  I 
  have 
  shown 
  above, 
  they 
  are 
  somewhat 
  

   youager. 
  Along 
  the 
  lower 
  slopes 
  there 
  are 
  occasional 
  showings 
  

   of 
  Hudson 
  river 
  rocks, 
  notably 
  at 
  a 
  point 
  behind 
  New 
  Salem, 
  to 
  

   which 
  Davis 
  refers 
  and 
  which 
  is 
  shown 
  in 
  his 
  map. 
  Here 
  they 
  

   are 
  seen 
  overlaid 
  by 
  the 
  quartzite 
  and 
  waterlime 
  beds, 
  and 
  there 
  

   is 
  but 
  little 
  of 
  the 
  discordance 
  in 
  dips 
  so 
  conspicuous 
  to 
  the 
  north- 
  

   ward. 
  There 
  is 
  some 
  difference 
  in 
  the 
  amounts, 
  however, 
  and 
  

   this 
  relation 
  is, 
  I 
  take 
  it, 
  only 
  a 
  near 
  coincidence 
  of 
  altitudes 
  and 
  

   not 
  due 
  to 
  a 
  less 
  degree 
  of 
  unconformity. 
  

  

  The 
  ridge 
  ends 
  a 
  mile 
  and 
  a 
  half 
  south 
  of 
  Eddyville 
  in 
  a 
  cliff 
  

   of 
  Pentamerus 
  limestone 
  facing 
  to 
  the 
  south. 
  Its 
  termination 
  is 
  

   due 
  to 
  the 
  fault 
  which 
  for 
  some 
  distance 
  to 
  the 
  southward 
  brings 
  

   the 
  Esopus 
  shales 
  against 
  the 
  Hudson 
  river 
  shales. 
  

  

  Rosendale-Whiteport 
  Cement 
  Region. 
  

  

  The 
  principal 
  structural 
  features 
  of 
  this 
  region 
  are 
  shown 
  in 
  

   the 
  stereogramic 
  map 
  and 
  sections, 
  plate 
  7, 
  and 
  the 
  areal 
  distri- 
  

   bution 
  of 
  the 
  formations 
  is 
  represented 
  on 
  the 
  geologic 
  map. 
  

   There 
  are 
  two 
  principal 
  ilexures 
  comprising 
  a 
  great 
  anticlinal 
  

   extending 
  through 
  the 
  center 
  of 
  the 
  region, 
  and 
  a 
  synclinal 
  to 
  

   the 
  eastward; 
  they 
  carry 
  subordinate 
  flexures 
  of 
  varying 
  degrees 
  

   of 
  magnitude 
  and 
  continuity. 
  These 
  flexures 
  contain 
  the 
  cement 
  

   beds, 
  which 
  come 
  in 
  again 
  about 
  Rosendale 
  and 
  Whiteport 
  as 
  

   rapidly 
  as 
  they 
  thinned 
  out 
  about 
  Rondout, 
  and 
  here 
  attain 
  their 
  

   maximum 
  development. 
  As 
  no 
  determination 
  has 
  ever 
  been 
  

   made 
  of 
  the 
  structure 
  of 
  this 
  region, 
  considerable 
  time 
  was 
  

   devoted 
  to 
  its 
  study, 
  particularly 
  of 
  the 
  cement 
  beds, 
  and 
  many 
  

   interesting 
  structural 
  and 
  stratigraphic 
  features 
  were 
  discovered. 
  

  

  The 
  synclinal 
  begins 
  in 
  the 
  Kingston 
  region 
  and 
  holds 
  Esopus 
  

   shales 
  to 
  just 
  east 
  of 
  Whiteport 
  station, 
  beyond 
  which 
  the 
  

   northerly 
  pitch 
  brings 
  up 
  the 
  underlying 
  formations 
  in 
  succession 
  

  

  