﻿Report 
  of 
  the 
  State 
  Geologist. 
  525 
  

  

  bedding 
  within 
  themselves 
  brought 
  out 
  by 
  the 
  slight 
  differences 
  

   in 
  tint. 
  The 
  overlying 
  cement 
  is 
  perfectly 
  conformable 
  and 
  in 
  

   greater 
  part 
  welded 
  to 
  the 
  quartzite, 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  strongly 
  contrasted 
  

   by 
  the 
  great 
  dissimilarity 
  in 
  materials, 
  there 
  being 
  no 
  transition 
  

   beds 
  and 
  no 
  intervening 
  Niagara 
  limestone. 
  The 
  shales 
  underly 
  

   ing 
  the 
  quartzite 
  are 
  in 
  greater 
  part 
  dull 
  red 
  in 
  color, 
  moderately 
  

   fined 
  grained, 
  massively 
  bedded 
  as 
  a 
  whole, 
  but 
  breaking 
  into 
  

   shale 
  on 
  exposure 
  and 
  having 
  a 
  thickness 
  of 
  twenty-five 
  feet. 
  

   One 
  or 
  two 
  beds 
  are 
  a 
  dirty 
  buff 
  -tint 
  in 
  part, 
  and 
  at 
  the 
  top 
  are 
  

   two 
  inches 
  of 
  gray 
  shale 
  which 
  gives 
  place 
  abruptly 
  to 
  the 
  

   quartzite. 
  There 
  appears 
  to 
  have 
  been 
  some 
  slight 
  slipping 
  along 
  

   this 
  bed. 
  About 
  four 
  inches 
  from 
  the 
  top 
  of 
  the 
  shale 
  series 
  here 
  

   is 
  a 
  two-inch 
  layer 
  of 
  breccia 
  of 
  small 
  angular 
  masses 
  of 
  cement- 
  

   like 
  materials 
  in 
  a 
  gray-sand 
  matrix. 
  The 
  lower 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  shales 
  

   merge 
  into 
  two 
  to 
  three 
  feet 
  of 
  dull 
  gray-green 
  grits, 
  with 
  

   blotches 
  of 
  pyrite 
  and 
  some 
  small 
  quartz 
  pebbles, 
  which 
  lie 
  on 
  

   the 
  Hudson 
  river 
  shales 
  and 
  undoubtedly 
  represent 
  the 
  begin- 
  

   ning 
  of 
  the 
  Oneida 
  or 
  Shawangunk 
  grit 
  sediments. 
  The 
  dips 
  at 
  

   this 
  opening 
  are 
  fifty 
  degrees, 
  and 
  they 
  decrease 
  to 
  forty- 
  five 
  

   degrees 
  in 
  the 
  several 
  quarries 
  to 
  the 
  southward. 
  

  

  Kondout 
  creek 
  crosses 
  the 
  synclinal 
  just 
  below 
  Eosendale, 
  but 
  

   does 
  not 
  appear 
  to 
  cut 
  through 
  to 
  the 
  cement 
  near 
  the 
  axis 
  of 
  

   the 
  flexure. 
  At 
  the 
  point 
  where 
  the 
  cement 
  is 
  crossed 
  there 
  are 
  

   no 
  outcrops, 
  and 
  for 
  some 
  distance 
  to 
  the 
  southward 
  the 
  rocks 
  are 
  

   covered 
  by 
  sand. 
  On 
  the 
  north 
  bank 
  of 
  the 
  creek 
  there 
  are 
  cliffs 
  of 
  

   Pentamerus 
  limestone 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  beds 
  lie 
  almost 
  flat, 
  and 
  the 
  

   formation 
  extends 
  up 
  the 
  slope 
  southward 
  on 
  a 
  gentle 
  pitch 
  to 
  

   the 
  north, 
  which 
  rapidly 
  increases 
  in 
  amount 
  to 
  twenty 
  degrees 
  

   and 
  twenty 
  -five 
  degrees. 
  A 
  short 
  distance 
  south 
  of 
  the 
  river 
  

   the 
  synclinal 
  " 
  spoons 
  out," 
  the 
  Pentamerus 
  beds 
  end 
  in 
  a 
  fine 
  of 
  

   low 
  cliffs, 
  and 
  the 
  cement 
  beds 
  outcrop 
  at 
  their 
  base 
  and 
  circle 
  

   around 
  to 
  the 
  west 
  and 
  northwest. 
  In 
  section 
  TV 
  on 
  plate 
  7, 
  

   and 
  in 
  figure 
  11, 
  there 
  are 
  shown 
  the 
  relations 
  in 
  the 
  synclinal 
  

   near 
  its 
  southern 
  termination. 
  

  

  The 
  cement 
  has 
  been 
  quarried 
  to 
  some 
  extent 
  around 
  the 
  

   southern 
  rim 
  of 
  the 
  synclinal, 
  and 
  its 
  relations 
  are 
  clearly 
  

   exposed 
  in 
  these 
  quarries, 
  but 
  elsewhere 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  heavy 
  mantle 
  

   of 
  sand. 
  The 
  principal 
  cement 
  bed 
  has 
  a 
  thickness 
  of 
  twenty 
  

   feet 
  and 
  lies 
  directly 
  on 
  Clinton 
  quartzites. 
  Near 
  the 
  entrance 
  

   to 
  the 
  principal 
  quarry 
  the 
  Shawangunk 
  grit 
  is 
  exposed. 
  Here 
  

  

  